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SAT Words to Know

  • abrupt: sudden or unexpected.

  • absorbed: deeply interested or involved; preoccupied.

  • accelerator: a device that increases the speed of a vehicle or a process.

  • acceptable: able to be agreed on; suitable.

  • accommodate: to provide space or to adjust for someone or something.

  • accomplishment: something that has been achieved successfully.

  • acknowledged: recognized as being good or important.

  • acquired: obtained or received by effort or learning.

  • adhere: to stick firmly to something.

  • advantageous: creating favorable circumstances that increase the chances of success.

  • advocacy: public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy.

  • aerial: existing, happening, or operating in the air.

  • aesthetic: concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.

  • aggravate: to make a problem, injury, or offense worse or more serious.

  • alleviate: to make suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe.

  • ambivalence: having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.

  • annotate: to add notes or comments to a text or diagram for explanation or criticism.

  • anon: soon; shortly.

  • anticipating: expecting or predicting something.

  • appropriate: suitable or proper in the circumstances.

  • approximate: close to the actual, but not completely accurate or exact.

  • acquisition: an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum.

  • argue: to give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory.

  • attribute (v): to regard something as being caused by someone or something.

  • authenticity: the quality of being authentic or genuine.

  • beneficial: producing good or helpful results; advantageous.

  • beneficiary: a person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

  • benign: gentle, kindly; not harmful in effect.

  • binary: relating to, composed of, or involving two things.

  • bureaucratic: relating to the business of running an organization, or government.

  • buttress: a structure built against a wall to support or strengthen it.

  • bystander: a person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part.

  • careful: making sure to avoid potential danger, mishap, or harm.

  • catastrophic: involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.

  • challenged: faced with a difficult task or situation.

  • characteristic: a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify it.

  • circumvent: to find a way around an obstacle.

  • civilian: a person not in the armed services or the police force.

  • coincide: to occur at or during the same time.

  • collaborate: to work jointly on an activity or project.

  • collected with: gathered together with something else.

  • commissioned: given an official assignment or task.

  • committed: dedicated to a cause, activity, or relationship.

  • common: occurring, found, or done often; prevalent.

  • comparable to: able to be likened to another; similar.

  • compelling: evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way.

  • complementary: combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other or another.

  • compose: to write or create a work of art, especially music or poetry.

  • comprises: consists of; is made up of.

  • concealed: kept secret; hidden.

  • concede: to admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it.

  • conceptualize: to form a concept or idea of something in the mind.

  • concern about: a feeling of worry or anxiety about something.

  • concerning: on the subject of or in connection with; about.

  • conditions: the circumstances affecting the way in which people live or work.

  • confident: feeling or showing confidence in oneself or one's abilities.

  • confined to: restricted or limited to a particular space or area.

  • conflicted: having or showing confused and mutually inconsistent feelings.

  • conform to: to comply with rules, standards, or laws.

  • conjecture: an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information.

  • consistent with: in agreement with something.

  • contemporary: belonging to or occurring in the present.

  • contrive: to create or bring about an object or a situation by deliberate use of skill and artifice.

  • controversial: giving rise or likely to give rise to public disagreement.

  • convey: to communicate or express something.

  • corollary: a proposition that follows from one already proved; a natural consequence.

  • counterintuitive: contrary to what one would intuitively expect.

  • created: brought something into existence.

  • credited: attributed to someone or something.

  • critical: expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments.

  • decentralized: transferred from central to local government or other central authority.

  • deceptive: giving an appearance or impression different from the true one; misleading.

  • deciding: resolving or determining a course of action.

  • decisive: settling an issue; producing a definite result.

  • defends: protects from harm or danger.

  • delegate: to entrust a task or responsibility to another person.

  • delve: to investigate or research deeply.

  • demands: requests urgently and forcefully.

  • demonstrative: tending to show feelings, especially of affection, openly.

  • denied: refused to give or grant something requested or desired.

  • derived from: obtained something from a specific source.

  • deviates: departs from an established course.

  • discernible: able to be perceived or recognized.

  • disconcerting: causing one to feel unsettled.

  • discourage: to cause someone to lose confidence or enthusiasm.

  • disengage: to release from an attachment or connection.

  • disorienting: making someone feel confused or lost.

  • disparate: essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison.

  • dispute: a disagreement, argument, or debate.

  • distraction: something that prevents someone from giving full attention to something else.

  • ditty: a short, simple song.

  • diverge: to separate from another route and go in a different direction.

  • diversification: the action of diversifying something or the fact of becoming more diverse.

  • dormant: temporarily inactive or inoperative.

  • doth: an archaic third-person singular form of "do."

  • doubts: feelings of uncertainty or lack of conviction.

  • drafting: preparing a preliminary version of a text or design.

  • dulcet: sweet and soothing, often used ironically.

  • dynamic: characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.

  • eclipse: to obscure the light from or to another celestial body.

  • edifice: a large, imposing building.

  • Elizabethan: relating to or characteristic of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.

  • elusive: difficult to find, catch, or achieve.

  • emigrate: to leave one's own country to settle permanently in another.

  • encourage: to give support, confidence, or hope to someone.

  • engulfs: to sweep over something so as to surround or cover it completely.

  • enhance: to intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of something.

  • ensure: to make certain that something shall occur or be the case.

  • enthusiasm for: intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.

  • epitomizing: being a perfect example of something.

  • equanimity: mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation.

  • establishes: sets up on a firm or permanent basis.

  • etched: engraved into a surface.

  • evaluate: to assess the value or impact of something.

  • evolving: developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.

  • exalt: to hold someone or something in very high regard.

  • exemplified: to be a typical example of something.

  • experiment with: to try out new ideas or methods.

  • explains: makes an idea, situation, or problem clear to someone by describing it in more detail.

  • exquisite: extremely beautiful and delicate.

  • extensive: covering or affecting a large area.

  • fabricate: to invent or concoct something, typically with deceitful intent.

  • fanciful: overimaginative and unrealistic.

  • dignity: the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.

  • fluctuate: to rise and fall irregularly in number or amount.

  • foreground: the part of a view that is nearest to the observer.

  • foretells: predicts or foretells an event in the future.

  • forge: to create or form something, especially through great effort.

  • fortify: to strengthen a place with defensive works so as to protect it against attack.

  • foster: to encourage the development of something, especially something desirable.

  • fruitless: failing to achieve the desired results; unproductive.

  • fulfills: to bring to completion or reality; to achieve or realize something desired or promised.

  • germinate: to begin to grow and develop.

  • grapple: to engage in a close fight or struggle without weapons.

  • guild: an association of people for mutual aid or the pursuit of a common goal.

  • handmade from: made by hand, not by machine, typically with care or skill.

  • haphazard: lacking any obvious principle of organization.

  • hast: an archaic second-person singular present form of "have."

  • healthy: in good health; physically and mentally sound.

  • hibernation: a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms.

  • hierarchical: arranged in order of rank or authority.

  • hinder: to create difficulties for someone or something, resulting in delay or obstruction.

  • hypothesize: to propose a hypothesis or explanation based on limited evidence.

  • illustrate: to explain or make something clear by using examples, charts, or pictures.

  • imitated: copied or reproduced from something else.

  • imminent: about to happen.

  • impartial: treating all rivals or disputants equally; fair and just.

  • impenetrable: impossible to pass through or enter.

  • imperceptible: so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived.

  • implement: to put a decision, plan, or agreement into effect.

  • important: of great significance or value.

  • imposing: grand and impressive in appearance.

  • impractical: not adapted for use or action; not sensible or realistic.

  • improve on: to make or become better than something previously.

  • improvise: to create and perform spontaneously or without preparation.

  • inadequate: lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.

  • inauguration: the formal admission of someone to office.

  • indecipherable: not able to be read or understood.

  • independent of: free from outside control; not subject to another's authority.

  • indicated by: pointed out or suggested by someone or something.

  • indifference: lack of interest, concern, or sympathy.

  • indigenous: originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.

  • inexplicable: unable to be explained or accounted for.

  • infrequent: not occurring often; rare.

  • inherent: existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.

  • innocuous: not harmful or offensive.

  • inspecting: carefully examining or checking something.

  • inspirational: providing or showing creative or spiritual inspiration.

  • interchangeable: able to be exchanged with each other without making a difference.

  • interjected: said something abruptly, especially as an aside or interruption.

  • interminable: endless or apparently endless.

  • interpret: to explain the meaning of something.

  • intertribal: existing or occurring between different tribes.

  • intricate: very complicated or detailed.

  • intriguing: arousing one's curiosity or interest; fascinating.

  • intuitive: based on what one feels to be true even without conscious reasoning; instinctive.

  • invalidate: to make an argument, statement, or theory unsound or erroneous.

  • inventive: having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.

  • invertebrate: an animal lacking a backbone.

  • involuntarily: done without conscious control or will.

  • iridescent: showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles.

  • irrelevant to: not connected with or relevant to something.

  • jarring: incongruous in a striking or shocking way; clashing.

  • juvenile: for or relating to young people.

  • laced: interwoven or entwined.

  • lacking: not available or in short supply.

  • languish: to lose or lack vitality; grow weak.

  • latent: existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden or concealed.

  • legitimacy: conformity to the law or to rules.

  • legitimate: conforming to the law or to rules; legal.

  • likewise: in the same way; also.

  • localized: restricted to a particular place.

  • mandates: official orders or commissions to do something.

  • mandatory: required by law or rules; compulsory.

  • manifesto: a public declaration of policy and aims, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate.

  • mastery over: complete control or knowledge of a subject or skill.

  • melancholy: a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause.

  • melodic: having or producing melody.

  • methodology: a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

  • mimic: to imitate someone or something.

  • mirth: amusement, especially as expressed in laughter.

  • misrepresent: to give a false or misleading account of the nature of something.

  • moderation: the avoidance of excess or extremes.

  • monarch: a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor.

  • moreover: in addition to what has been said; besides.

  • mutation: the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form.

  • mystifying: perplexing and mysterious.

  • nanotubes: cylindrical molecules with novel properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications.

  • neglect: to fail to care for properly.

  • nondescript: lacking distinctive or interesting features or characteristics.

  • novel: new or unusual in an interesting way.

  • nuanced: characterized by subtle shades of meaning or expression.

  • obscure: not discovered or known about; uncertain.

  • observant: quick to notice or perceive things.

  • obtained from: acquired, secured, or collected from a source.

  • offhand: ungraciously or offensively nonchalant or cool in manner.

  • operative: functioning or having effect.

  • ordinary: with no special or distinctive features; normal.

  • originates: has a specified beginning.

  • ornamental: serving or intended as an ornament; decorative.

  • overcome: succeed in dealing with a problem or difficulty.

  • overreacts: responds more emotionally or forcibly than is justified.

  • overshadowed by: to appear more important or larger than something else.

  • paleobiologist: a scientist who studies the biology of fossil organisms.

  • parasitic: living as a parasite.

  • participatory: involving or characterized by participation.

  • paucity: the presence of something in only small or insufficient quantities.

  • payload: the part of a vehicle's load, especially an aircraft's, from which revenue is derived.

  • perceive: to become aware or conscious of something.

  • peripheral: relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something.

  • persist: to continue firmly or obstinately in an opinion or course of action despite difficulty or opposition.

  • persistent: continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period.

  • personal: belonging to or affecting a particular person rather than anyone else.

  • pondering: thinking about something carefully, especially before making a decision.

  • porous: having minute spaces or holes through which liquid or air may pass.

  • portal: a doorway, gate, or other entrance, especially a large and imposing one.

  • portraiture: the art of creating portraits.

  • posit: to assume as a fact; put forward as a basis of argument.

  • pragmatic: dealing with things sensibly and realistically.

  • predation: the preying of one animal on others.

  • predatory: seeking to exploit or oppress others.

  • predecessor: a person who held a job or office before the current holder.

  • predetermined: established or decided in advance.

  • predicted: said or estimated that something will happen in the future.

  • premeditated: thought out or planned beforehand.

  • preponderance: the quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.

  • prescribed: recommended as something beneficial.

  • prestige: widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something based on a perception of their achievements or quality.

  • presume: to suppose that something is the case based on probability.

  • presupposes: requires as a precondition of possibility or coherence.

  • prevail: to prove more powerful than opposing forces; be victorious.

  • prevalent: widespread in a particular area at a particular time.

  • preventable: able to be prevented or avoided.

  • proclaims: announces officially or publicly.

  • produced: made or manufactured from components or raw materials.

  • profound: very great or intense.

  • profusion: an abundance or large quantity of something.

  • prominently: with an important role; to a large extent.

  • proponent: a person who advocates a theory, proposal, or project.

  • prosocial: relating to or denoting behavior that is positive, helpful, and intended to promote social acceptance and friendship.

  • provokes: stimulates or incites someone to do or feel something.

  • quarrel about: an angry argument or disagreement.

  • question: to ask questions of someone, especially in an official context.

  • questioned: raised doubt or uncertainty about something.

  • react to: respond or behave in a particular way in response to something.

  • rebut: claim or prove that evidence or an accusation is false.

  • recant: say that one no longer holds an opinion or belief.

  • receive: be given, presented with, or paid something.

  • receptor: an organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimuli.

  • reciprocate: respond to a gesture or action by making a corresponding one.

  • recognizable: easily identified or acknowledged.

  • recount: tell someone about something; give an account of an event or experience.

  • reflect: think deeply or carefully about something.

  • refute: prove a statement or theory to be wrong or false.

  • regret: feel sad, repentant, or disappointed over something.

  • reinforcing: strengthening or supporting something.

  • relate: to make or show a connection between.

  • relentless: oppressively constant; incessant.

  • remember: have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of someone or something.

  • renounce: formally declare one's abandonment of a claim, right, or possession.

  • replenishes: fills something up again.

  • replicable: able to be reproduced or copied.

  • representative: typical of a class, group, or body of opinion.

  • repressed by: kept suppressed or held back by someone or something.

  • reprise: a repeated passage in music or performance.

  • repudiate: refuse to accept or be associated with.

  • repulsed: driven back by force.

  • require: need for a particular purpose.

  • resilient: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.

  • respectively: separately or individually and in the order already mentioned.

  • responsiveness to: reacting quickly and positively.

  • restored: brought back to a former or original condition.

  • restrained: characterized by reserve or moderation.

  • retaliates: makes an attack or assault in return for a similar attack.

  • revitalization: the action of imbuing something with new life and vitality.

  • ricocheting: rebounding one or more times off a surface.

  • Rosetta Stone: an ancient Egyptian stone inscribed with three languages, leading to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

  • rotunda: a building with a circular ground plan and a dome.

  • rudimentary: involving or limited to basic principles.

  • sampler: a person or device that takes or tastes a sample.

  • satisfactory: fulfilling expectations or needs; acceptable, though not outstanding.

  • satisfying: giving fulfillment or the pleasure associated with this.

  • scholarly: involving or relating to serious academic study.

  • secretive: inclined to conceal feelings and intentions or not to disclose information.

  • selects: carefully chooses as being the best or most suitable.

  • shortcomings: a fault or failure to meet a certain standard.

  • significant: sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention.

  • simple: easily understood or done; presenting no difficulty.

  • situate: fix or build something in a certain place or position.

  • skeptical: not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations.

  • smoothly: in a smooth way; without difficulty.

  • speculate: form a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence.

  • standard: a level of quality or attainment.

  • strenuously: in a way that requires great effort and energy.

  • struggling: striving to achieve or attain something in the face of difficulty or resistance.

  • study: the devotion of time and attention to acquiring knowledge.

  • subsequent: coming after something in time; following.

  • subsist: to maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.

  • subsistence: the action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimal level.

  • substantial: of considerable importance, size, or worth.

  • succumb: fail to resist pressure, temptation, or some other negative force.

  • supplement: something that completes or enhances something else when added to it.

  • supposition: an uncertain belief.

  • surmise: suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it.

  • surpassed by: to be exceeded or overtaken by something else.

  • surprise at: a feeling of mild astonishment or shock caused by something unexpected.

  • synchronization: the operation or activity of two or more things at the same time or rate.

  • tenuous: very weak or slight.

  • tenure: the holding of an office.

  • thrive: to grow or develop well or vigorously.

  • tolerate: allow the existence, occurrence, or practice of something without interference.

  • tranquilly: in a calm or peaceful manner.

  • transcending: going beyond the limits of something.

  • unanimity: agreement by all people involved.

  • undeniable: unable to be denied or disputed.

  • underestimated: to estimate something as being smaller or less important than it actually is.

  • underscore: to emphasize or give additional weight to something.

  • ungainliness: awkwardness or clumsiness.

  • unimportant: lacking in importance or significance.

  • unintended: not planned or meant.

  • universal: relating to or affecting all people or things in the world or in a particular group.

  • unknown: not known or familiar.

  • unobtrusive: not conspicuous or attracting attention.

  • unoriginal: lacking originality; derivative.

  • unpredictable: not able to be predicted.

  • useful: able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways.

  • validate: check or prove the validity or accuracy of something.

  • variable: not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change.

  • verisimilitude: the appearance of being true or real.

  • veteran: a person who has had long experience in a particular field.

  • vigor: physical strength and good health.

  • waive: refrain from insisting on or using a right or claim.

  • wayward: difficult to control or predict because of unusual or perverse behavior.

  • widespread: found or distributed over a large area or number of people.

  • withdraw: remove or take away something from a particular place or position.

  • worried: anxious or troubled about actual or potential problems.

SAT Words to Know

  • abrupt: sudden or unexpected.

  • absorbed: deeply interested or involved; preoccupied.

  • accelerator: a device that increases the speed of a vehicle or a process.

  • acceptable: able to be agreed on; suitable.

  • accommodate: to provide space or to adjust for someone or something.

  • accomplishment: something that has been achieved successfully.

  • acknowledged: recognized as being good or important.

  • acquired: obtained or received by effort or learning.

  • adhere: to stick firmly to something.

  • advantageous: creating favorable circumstances that increase the chances of success.

  • advocacy: public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy.

  • aerial: existing, happening, or operating in the air.

  • aesthetic: concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.

  • aggravate: to make a problem, injury, or offense worse or more serious.

  • alleviate: to make suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe.

  • ambivalence: having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.

  • annotate: to add notes or comments to a text or diagram for explanation or criticism.

  • anon: soon; shortly.

  • anticipating: expecting or predicting something.

  • appropriate: suitable or proper in the circumstances.

  • approximate: close to the actual, but not completely accurate or exact.

  • acquisition: an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum.

  • argue: to give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory.

  • attribute (v): to regard something as being caused by someone or something.

  • authenticity: the quality of being authentic or genuine.

  • beneficial: producing good or helpful results; advantageous.

  • beneficiary: a person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

  • benign: gentle, kindly; not harmful in effect.

  • binary: relating to, composed of, or involving two things.

  • bureaucratic: relating to the business of running an organization, or government.

  • buttress: a structure built against a wall to support or strengthen it.

  • bystander: a person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part.

  • careful: making sure to avoid potential danger, mishap, or harm.

  • catastrophic: involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.

  • challenged: faced with a difficult task or situation.

  • characteristic: a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify it.

  • circumvent: to find a way around an obstacle.

  • civilian: a person not in the armed services or the police force.

  • coincide: to occur at or during the same time.

  • collaborate: to work jointly on an activity or project.

  • collected with: gathered together with something else.

  • commissioned: given an official assignment or task.

  • committed: dedicated to a cause, activity, or relationship.

  • common: occurring, found, or done often; prevalent.

  • comparable to: able to be likened to another; similar.

  • compelling: evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way.

  • complementary: combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other or another.

  • compose: to write or create a work of art, especially music or poetry.

  • comprises: consists of; is made up of.

  • concealed: kept secret; hidden.

  • concede: to admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it.

  • conceptualize: to form a concept or idea of something in the mind.

  • concern about: a feeling of worry or anxiety about something.

  • concerning: on the subject of or in connection with; about.

  • conditions: the circumstances affecting the way in which people live or work.

  • confident: feeling or showing confidence in oneself or one's abilities.

  • confined to: restricted or limited to a particular space or area.

  • conflicted: having or showing confused and mutually inconsistent feelings.

  • conform to: to comply with rules, standards, or laws.

  • conjecture: an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information.

  • consistent with: in agreement with something.

  • contemporary: belonging to or occurring in the present.

  • contrive: to create or bring about an object or a situation by deliberate use of skill and artifice.

  • controversial: giving rise or likely to give rise to public disagreement.

  • convey: to communicate or express something.

  • corollary: a proposition that follows from one already proved; a natural consequence.

  • counterintuitive: contrary to what one would intuitively expect.

  • created: brought something into existence.

  • credited: attributed to someone or something.

  • critical: expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments.

  • decentralized: transferred from central to local government or other central authority.

  • deceptive: giving an appearance or impression different from the true one; misleading.

  • deciding: resolving or determining a course of action.

  • decisive: settling an issue; producing a definite result.

  • defends: protects from harm or danger.

  • delegate: to entrust a task or responsibility to another person.

  • delve: to investigate or research deeply.

  • demands: requests urgently and forcefully.

  • demonstrative: tending to show feelings, especially of affection, openly.

  • denied: refused to give or grant something requested or desired.

  • derived from: obtained something from a specific source.

  • deviates: departs from an established course.

  • discernible: able to be perceived or recognized.

  • disconcerting: causing one to feel unsettled.

  • discourage: to cause someone to lose confidence or enthusiasm.

  • disengage: to release from an attachment or connection.

  • disorienting: making someone feel confused or lost.

  • disparate: essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison.

  • dispute: a disagreement, argument, or debate.

  • distraction: something that prevents someone from giving full attention to something else.

  • ditty: a short, simple song.

  • diverge: to separate from another route and go in a different direction.

  • diversification: the action of diversifying something or the fact of becoming more diverse.

  • dormant: temporarily inactive or inoperative.

  • doth: an archaic third-person singular form of "do."

  • doubts: feelings of uncertainty or lack of conviction.

  • drafting: preparing a preliminary version of a text or design.

  • dulcet: sweet and soothing, often used ironically.

  • dynamic: characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.

  • eclipse: to obscure the light from or to another celestial body.

  • edifice: a large, imposing building.

  • Elizabethan: relating to or characteristic of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.

  • elusive: difficult to find, catch, or achieve.

  • emigrate: to leave one's own country to settle permanently in another.

  • encourage: to give support, confidence, or hope to someone.

  • engulfs: to sweep over something so as to surround or cover it completely.

  • enhance: to intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of something.

  • ensure: to make certain that something shall occur or be the case.

  • enthusiasm for: intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.

  • epitomizing: being a perfect example of something.

  • equanimity: mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation.

  • establishes: sets up on a firm or permanent basis.

  • etched: engraved into a surface.

  • evaluate: to assess the value or impact of something.

  • evolving: developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.

  • exalt: to hold someone or something in very high regard.

  • exemplified: to be a typical example of something.

  • experiment with: to try out new ideas or methods.

  • explains: makes an idea, situation, or problem clear to someone by describing it in more detail.

  • exquisite: extremely beautiful and delicate.

  • extensive: covering or affecting a large area.

  • fabricate: to invent or concoct something, typically with deceitful intent.

  • fanciful: overimaginative and unrealistic.

  • dignity: the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.

  • fluctuate: to rise and fall irregularly in number or amount.

  • foreground: the part of a view that is nearest to the observer.

  • foretells: predicts or foretells an event in the future.

  • forge: to create or form something, especially through great effort.

  • fortify: to strengthen a place with defensive works so as to protect it against attack.

  • foster: to encourage the development of something, especially something desirable.

  • fruitless: failing to achieve the desired results; unproductive.

  • fulfills: to bring to completion or reality; to achieve or realize something desired or promised.

  • germinate: to begin to grow and develop.

  • grapple: to engage in a close fight or struggle without weapons.

  • guild: an association of people for mutual aid or the pursuit of a common goal.

  • handmade from: made by hand, not by machine, typically with care or skill.

  • haphazard: lacking any obvious principle of organization.

  • hast: an archaic second-person singular present form of "have."

  • healthy: in good health; physically and mentally sound.

  • hibernation: a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms.

  • hierarchical: arranged in order of rank or authority.

  • hinder: to create difficulties for someone or something, resulting in delay or obstruction.

  • hypothesize: to propose a hypothesis or explanation based on limited evidence.

  • illustrate: to explain or make something clear by using examples, charts, or pictures.

  • imitated: copied or reproduced from something else.

  • imminent: about to happen.

  • impartial: treating all rivals or disputants equally; fair and just.

  • impenetrable: impossible to pass through or enter.

  • imperceptible: so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived.

  • implement: to put a decision, plan, or agreement into effect.

  • important: of great significance or value.

  • imposing: grand and impressive in appearance.

  • impractical: not adapted for use or action; not sensible or realistic.

  • improve on: to make or become better than something previously.

  • improvise: to create and perform spontaneously or without preparation.

  • inadequate: lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.

  • inauguration: the formal admission of someone to office.

  • indecipherable: not able to be read or understood.

  • independent of: free from outside control; not subject to another's authority.

  • indicated by: pointed out or suggested by someone or something.

  • indifference: lack of interest, concern, or sympathy.

  • indigenous: originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.

  • inexplicable: unable to be explained or accounted for.

  • infrequent: not occurring often; rare.

  • inherent: existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.

  • innocuous: not harmful or offensive.

  • inspecting: carefully examining or checking something.

  • inspirational: providing or showing creative or spiritual inspiration.

  • interchangeable: able to be exchanged with each other without making a difference.

  • interjected: said something abruptly, especially as an aside or interruption.

  • interminable: endless or apparently endless.

  • interpret: to explain the meaning of something.

  • intertribal: existing or occurring between different tribes.

  • intricate: very complicated or detailed.

  • intriguing: arousing one's curiosity or interest; fascinating.

  • intuitive: based on what one feels to be true even without conscious reasoning; instinctive.

  • invalidate: to make an argument, statement, or theory unsound or erroneous.

  • inventive: having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.

  • invertebrate: an animal lacking a backbone.

  • involuntarily: done without conscious control or will.

  • iridescent: showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles.

  • irrelevant to: not connected with or relevant to something.

  • jarring: incongruous in a striking or shocking way; clashing.

  • juvenile: for or relating to young people.

  • laced: interwoven or entwined.

  • lacking: not available or in short supply.

  • languish: to lose or lack vitality; grow weak.

  • latent: existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden or concealed.

  • legitimacy: conformity to the law or to rules.

  • legitimate: conforming to the law or to rules; legal.

  • likewise: in the same way; also.

  • localized: restricted to a particular place.

  • mandates: official orders or commissions to do something.

  • mandatory: required by law or rules; compulsory.

  • manifesto: a public declaration of policy and aims, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate.

  • mastery over: complete control or knowledge of a subject or skill.

  • melancholy: a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause.

  • melodic: having or producing melody.

  • methodology: a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

  • mimic: to imitate someone or something.

  • mirth: amusement, especially as expressed in laughter.

  • misrepresent: to give a false or misleading account of the nature of something.

  • moderation: the avoidance of excess or extremes.

  • monarch: a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor.

  • moreover: in addition to what has been said; besides.

  • mutation: the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form.

  • mystifying: perplexing and mysterious.

  • nanotubes: cylindrical molecules with novel properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications.

  • neglect: to fail to care for properly.

  • nondescript: lacking distinctive or interesting features or characteristics.

  • novel: new or unusual in an interesting way.

  • nuanced: characterized by subtle shades of meaning or expression.

  • obscure: not discovered or known about; uncertain.

  • observant: quick to notice or perceive things.

  • obtained from: acquired, secured, or collected from a source.

  • offhand: ungraciously or offensively nonchalant or cool in manner.

  • operative: functioning or having effect.

  • ordinary: with no special or distinctive features; normal.

  • originates: has a specified beginning.

  • ornamental: serving or intended as an ornament; decorative.

  • overcome: succeed in dealing with a problem or difficulty.

  • overreacts: responds more emotionally or forcibly than is justified.

  • overshadowed by: to appear more important or larger than something else.

  • paleobiologist: a scientist who studies the biology of fossil organisms.

  • parasitic: living as a parasite.

  • participatory: involving or characterized by participation.

  • paucity: the presence of something in only small or insufficient quantities.

  • payload: the part of a vehicle's load, especially an aircraft's, from which revenue is derived.

  • perceive: to become aware or conscious of something.

  • peripheral: relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something.

  • persist: to continue firmly or obstinately in an opinion or course of action despite difficulty or opposition.

  • persistent: continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period.

  • personal: belonging to or affecting a particular person rather than anyone else.

  • pondering: thinking about something carefully, especially before making a decision.

  • porous: having minute spaces or holes through which liquid or air may pass.

  • portal: a doorway, gate, or other entrance, especially a large and imposing one.

  • portraiture: the art of creating portraits.

  • posit: to assume as a fact; put forward as a basis of argument.

  • pragmatic: dealing with things sensibly and realistically.

  • predation: the preying of one animal on others.

  • predatory: seeking to exploit or oppress others.

  • predecessor: a person who held a job or office before the current holder.

  • predetermined: established or decided in advance.

  • predicted: said or estimated that something will happen in the future.

  • premeditated: thought out or planned beforehand.

  • preponderance: the quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.

  • prescribed: recommended as something beneficial.

  • prestige: widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something based on a perception of their achievements or quality.

  • presume: to suppose that something is the case based on probability.

  • presupposes: requires as a precondition of possibility or coherence.

  • prevail: to prove more powerful than opposing forces; be victorious.

  • prevalent: widespread in a particular area at a particular time.

  • preventable: able to be prevented or avoided.

  • proclaims: announces officially or publicly.

  • produced: made or manufactured from components or raw materials.

  • profound: very great or intense.

  • profusion: an abundance or large quantity of something.

  • prominently: with an important role; to a large extent.

  • proponent: a person who advocates a theory, proposal, or project.

  • prosocial: relating to or denoting behavior that is positive, helpful, and intended to promote social acceptance and friendship.

  • provokes: stimulates or incites someone to do or feel something.

  • quarrel about: an angry argument or disagreement.

  • question: to ask questions of someone, especially in an official context.

  • questioned: raised doubt or uncertainty about something.

  • react to: respond or behave in a particular way in response to something.

  • rebut: claim or prove that evidence or an accusation is false.

  • recant: say that one no longer holds an opinion or belief.

  • receive: be given, presented with, or paid something.

  • receptor: an organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimuli.

  • reciprocate: respond to a gesture or action by making a corresponding one.

  • recognizable: easily identified or acknowledged.

  • recount: tell someone about something; give an account of an event or experience.

  • reflect: think deeply or carefully about something.

  • refute: prove a statement or theory to be wrong or false.

  • regret: feel sad, repentant, or disappointed over something.

  • reinforcing: strengthening or supporting something.

  • relate: to make or show a connection between.

  • relentless: oppressively constant; incessant.

  • remember: have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of someone or something.

  • renounce: formally declare one's abandonment of a claim, right, or possession.

  • replenishes: fills something up again.

  • replicable: able to be reproduced or copied.

  • representative: typical of a class, group, or body of opinion.

  • repressed by: kept suppressed or held back by someone or something.

  • reprise: a repeated passage in music or performance.

  • repudiate: refuse to accept or be associated with.

  • repulsed: driven back by force.

  • require: need for a particular purpose.

  • resilient: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.

  • respectively: separately or individually and in the order already mentioned.

  • responsiveness to: reacting quickly and positively.

  • restored: brought back to a former or original condition.

  • restrained: characterized by reserve or moderation.

  • retaliates: makes an attack or assault in return for a similar attack.

  • revitalization: the action of imbuing something with new life and vitality.

  • ricocheting: rebounding one or more times off a surface.

  • Rosetta Stone: an ancient Egyptian stone inscribed with three languages, leading to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

  • rotunda: a building with a circular ground plan and a dome.

  • rudimentary: involving or limited to basic principles.

  • sampler: a person or device that takes or tastes a sample.

  • satisfactory: fulfilling expectations or needs; acceptable, though not outstanding.

  • satisfying: giving fulfillment or the pleasure associated with this.

  • scholarly: involving or relating to serious academic study.

  • secretive: inclined to conceal feelings and intentions or not to disclose information.

  • selects: carefully chooses as being the best or most suitable.

  • shortcomings: a fault or failure to meet a certain standard.

  • significant: sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention.

  • simple: easily understood or done; presenting no difficulty.

  • situate: fix or build something in a certain place or position.

  • skeptical: not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations.

  • smoothly: in a smooth way; without difficulty.

  • speculate: form a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence.

  • standard: a level of quality or attainment.

  • strenuously: in a way that requires great effort and energy.

  • struggling: striving to achieve or attain something in the face of difficulty or resistance.

  • study: the devotion of time and attention to acquiring knowledge.

  • subsequent: coming after something in time; following.

  • subsist: to maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.

  • subsistence: the action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimal level.

  • substantial: of considerable importance, size, or worth.

  • succumb: fail to resist pressure, temptation, or some other negative force.

  • supplement: something that completes or enhances something else when added to it.

  • supposition: an uncertain belief.

  • surmise: suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it.

  • surpassed by: to be exceeded or overtaken by something else.

  • surprise at: a feeling of mild astonishment or shock caused by something unexpected.

  • synchronization: the operation or activity of two or more things at the same time or rate.

  • tenuous: very weak or slight.

  • tenure: the holding of an office.

  • thrive: to grow or develop well or vigorously.

  • tolerate: allow the existence, occurrence, or practice of something without interference.

  • tranquilly: in a calm or peaceful manner.

  • transcending: going beyond the limits of something.

  • unanimity: agreement by all people involved.

  • undeniable: unable to be denied or disputed.

  • underestimated: to estimate something as being smaller or less important than it actually is.

  • underscore: to emphasize or give additional weight to something.

  • ungainliness: awkwardness or clumsiness.

  • unimportant: lacking in importance or significance.

  • unintended: not planned or meant.

  • universal: relating to or affecting all people or things in the world or in a particular group.

  • unknown: not known or familiar.

  • unobtrusive: not conspicuous or attracting attention.

  • unoriginal: lacking originality; derivative.

  • unpredictable: not able to be predicted.

  • useful: able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways.

  • validate: check or prove the validity or accuracy of something.

  • variable: not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change.

  • verisimilitude: the appearance of being true or real.

  • veteran: a person who has had long experience in a particular field.

  • vigor: physical strength and good health.

  • waive: refrain from insisting on or using a right or claim.

  • wayward: difficult to control or predict because of unusual or perverse behavior.

  • widespread: found or distributed over a large area or number of people.

  • withdraw: remove or take away something from a particular place or position.

  • worried: anxious or troubled about actual or potential problems.