All ages BLS and Choking
Steps for Adult CPR
Assure Scene Safety
tap the individual with great force and yell out “can you hear me”
Lift the chin up and check for the carotid pulse
Make eye contact, assert a role to someone and point to them “Call 911” and “Go get an AED” to another person.
start 30 chest compressions with 2 breaths until an AED gets there
Post- Cardiac arrest care
Adult BLS
check for responsiveness and recognize the signs of cardiac arrest
Call 911 and get an AED
Start Early CPR with a ratio of 30:2 compressions to breaths
Start an AED
Continue Advanced Life Support
After ROSC is achieved, start post-cardiac care
How to do CPR
Go on your knees beside the individual
Have one hand on top of your other hand interlocked at the center of the chest with straight elbows and shoulders over
push down with the heel of your hand at least 2-5 in deep
Allow chest recoil for chest compressions
Keep a steady pace of 100-120 (bpm) beats per minute
How to give breaths
After 30 chest compressions, get a mask and place it on the bridge of the nose
Make a C clamp on the top and bottom of the mask and hold down firmly on the bridge of the nose. Tilt head back and secure chin with the 3 free fingers left
Give a normal quick breath
Back away for a second
Give another breath
Start compressions again
How to use the bag & mask method
Make a C clamp on the top and bottom of the mask and hold down firmly on the bridge of the nose. Tilt head back and secure chin with the 3 free fingers left
put the bag to the right making sure its straight
Give a breath for 1 sec
Wait 1 second
Give another breath for 1 sec
How to use an AED
Turn on the AED
Attach adult pads (use adult pads for any age above 8 years old) to individual’s bare chest and plug in the connector into the AED
Listen to AED instructions
Clear the patient when directed and before giving a shock
Administer a shock if directed
Continue chest compressions if needed
What does AED stand for?
Automatic External Defibrillator
What to do if the patient has anything blocking skin contact with the pads?
Shave off hair quickly or use pads to rip off hair and grab new ones
Place above a medicine patch if necessary but never over it
Child CPR
If witnessed:
check for responsiveness
Call 911
get an AED
start CPR
If not witnessed:
Do 5 sets of chest compressions
Call 911
Get an AED
If there is only 1 rescuer, do a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths (30:2)
If there is 2 rescuers, do a ratio of 15 compressions to 2 breaths (15:2)
Infant CPR
If not witnessed:
Check brachial pulse under the arm
Do 2 minutes of CPR
Call 911
If witnessed:
Check brachial pulse
1 ½ in deep chest compressions with both thumbs in the middle and rest of hand supporting the infant’s back; 30 compressions if only 1 rescuer is present
15:2 ratio of chest compressions to breaths if 2 rescuers is present
Choking
Adults Heimlich —
stand behind them and make a fist with the thumb sticking out
Thumb to abdomen with the other hand above it 2 fingers above the umbilical
Squeeze and push upwards
Toddlers Heimlich—
Use same techniques as adult procedure for choking but get down to the child’s height
Infant—
Sit down and place baby faced down on forearm with the head slightly past the the wrist to support the head
Pull leg out forward and give 5 forceful thumps below the shoulder blade and 5 chest compressions and repeat
If baby goes unresponsive, check their airway, give 2 breaths, and start CPR 30:2 ratio
Repeat until ROSC is achieved and check the airways every time giving breaths