Resolution No. 435 Series of 1998

• Issued by the Professional Regulation Commission of the Philippines.

• Adopts the "Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers" under provisions of R.A. No. 7836.

Preamble

• Teachers are recognized as licensed professionals with high moral values and technical competence.

• They are expected to adhere to ethical and moral principles in their profession.

ARTICLE I: SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

Section 1

• The Philippine Constitution mandates quality education for all citizens, requiring competent teachers.

• This Code applies to all teachers in the Philippines.

Section 2

• Applicable to all public and private school teachers across educational levels: preschool to secondary, including vocational and technical education.

• The term "teacher" encompasses all supervisory and administrative personnel.

ARTICLE II: THE TEACHER AND THE STATE

Section 1

• Teachers act as trustees of the nation’s educational heritage, responsible for instilling national pride and respect for the Constitution.

Section 2

• Teachers must actively support state policies and take an oath of commitment.

Section 3

• Teachers must maintain physical, mental, and moral fitness for their responsibilities.

Section 4

• Commitment to duty is paramount for all teachers.

Section 5

• Teachers are prohibited from promoting political or religious interests through their roles.

Section 6

• Emphasizes the civic duty of teachers to vote and engage in state responsibilities.

Section 7

• Abuse of authority for personal political influence is expressly forbidden.

Section 8

• Teachers enjoy academic freedom but must report research findings aligning with state policies.

ARTICLE III: THE TEACHER AND THE COMMUNITY

Section 1

• Teachers facilitate learning and must create a conducive environment for student growth.

Section 2

• Expected to participate in community initiatives for social betterment.

Section 3

• Teachers deserve social recognition and must avoid vices that tarnish their reputation.

Section 4

• Teachers should empathize with local customs and traditions, fostering respect for the community.

Section 5

• Teachers must communicate the schools' achievements and needs to the community.

Section 6

• Teachers are viewed as intellectual leaders and should provide counseling and community engagement.

Section 7

• Emphasizes the importance of professional relations with other educators and community members.

Section 8

• Teachers may practice religion but should not use their role to convert others.

ARTICLE IV: THE TEACHER AND THE PROFESSION

Section 1

• Teachers must work to uphold the noble image of teaching and maintain enthusiasm for their roles.

Section 2

• Commitment to high educational standards and continuous improvement.

Section 3

• Participation in ongoing professional education programs is required.

Section 4

• Teachers must avoid misrepresentation in seeking support for their schools.

Section 5

• Teaching should be pursued as a dignified means of earning a living.

ARTICLE V: THE TEACHER AND THE TEACHING COMMUNITY

Section 1

• Teacher loyalty and cooperation with colleagues are essential for a positive school environment.

Section 2

• Credit must be given for the work of others and plagiarism is unacceptable.

Section 3

• Responsibilities include organizing transitions and providing necessary information for successors.

Section 4

• Confidentiality regarding colleagues and school records is crucial.

Section 5

• Teachers should report unethical behavior only with sufficient evidence.

Section 6

• Constructive criticism can be submitted to higher authorities.

Section 7

• Application to vacant positions must respect meritocratic principles.

ARTICLE VI: THE TEACHER AND HIGHER AUTHORITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES

Section 1

• Teachers should support and implement school policies faithfully.

Section 2

• False accusations against superiors are prohibited; valid complaints must be substantiated.

Section 3

• Communication should follow established channels to address grievances.

Section 4

• Teachers can seek redress for injustices, prioritizing learners' educational rights.

Section 5

• Merit-based appointments and promotions should be respected.

Section 6

• Teachers must honor their contractual obligations.

ARTICLE VII: SCHOOL OFFICIALS, TEACHERS AND OTHER PERSONNEL

Section 1

• Professional courtesy and support from school officials are expected.

Section 2

• Collaboration among school personnel is vital for policy formulation.

Section 3

• School officials are responsible for promoting teachers’ professional development.

Section 4

• Dismissals must be based on justifiable causes only.

Section 5

• Employment practices must adhere to civil service laws.

ARTICLE VIII: THE TEACHER AND LEARNERS

Section 1

• Teachers determine academic marks and promotions based on accepted procedures.

Section 2

• Students' interests and welfare are the paramount concern of teachers.

Section 3

• Discrimination or prejudice against learners is strictly forbidden.

Section 4

• Acceptance of gifts or favors from students in exchange for advantages is prohibited.

Section 5

• Unauthorized remuneration from tutorials is not acceptable.

Section 6

• Evaluations should be based solely on merit.

Section 7

• Professional discretion is necessary in relationships with students.

Section 8

• Corporal punishment and punitive measures affecting academic ratings are not permitted.

Section 9

• Teachers must ensure a conducive learning environment and assist in solving student issues.

ARTICLE IX: THE TEACHER AND PARENTS

Section 1

• Teachers should build positive relationships with parents, earning their trust and respect.

Section 2

• Communication about student progress must be conducted with care and tact.

Section 3

• Teachers should address parental complaints with empathy.

ARTICLE X: THE TEACHER AND BUSINESS

Section 1

• Teachers may engage in legitimate income generation that does not conflict with their work.

Section 2

• Teachers must manage financial matters responsibly.

Section 3

• Teachers cannot act as agents for commercial ventures that may exploit their influence.

ARTICLE XI: THE TEACHER AS A PERSON

Section 1

• Teachers must uphold dignity in all situations.

Section 2

• Self-respect and discipline must govern teachers’ personal and professional conduct.

Section 3

• Teachers should be role models for students and peers.

Section 4

• Recognition of a higher power is encouraged.

ARTICLE XII: DISCIPLINARY ACTION

Section 1

• Violations of the Code may result in disciplinary action, including revocation of the teaching license.

ARTICLE XIII: EFFECTIVITY

Section 1

• The Code becomes effective sixty days post-publication in the Official Gazette or leading newspapers.

Approval

• Signed by the Professional Regulation Commission members on November 11, 1998.

The Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act No. 10912, also known as the "Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Act of 2016," were established to enhance the competence of professionals in the Philippines. The IRR outlines the policies and procedures for the mandatory CPD requirements for professionals to ensure their skills and knowledge remain up-to-date and aligned with international standards.

Key points include:

- Title and Policy Declaration: The IRR is officially titled "Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 10912, otherwise known as the Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016." It aims to promote and upgrade the practice of professions in the country.

- Definition of Terms: The IRR provides definitions for key terms such as accreditation, accredited professional organization, and ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement (ASEAN MRA).

- CPD Requirements: The IRR specifies the CPD units required for the renewal of Professional Identification Cards (PIC) for various professions, with a general transitory period for compliance.

You can find more detailed information on the [Professional Regulation Commission's website](https://prc.gov.ph/cpd-irr-page).