elbow oia

Biceps Brachii

• Origin:

  • Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

  • Short head: Coracoid process of scapula

• Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

• Action: Elbow flexion, forearm supination, assists with shoulder flexion

Brachialis

• Origin: Distal half of anterior humerus

• Insertion: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

• Action: Primary elbow flexor (regardless of forearm position)

Brachioradialis

• Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

• Insertion: Styloid process of radius

• Action: Elbow flexion (especially with forearm in neutral position)

Triceps Brachii

• Origin:

  • Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

  • Lateral head: Posterior surface of humerus (superior to radial groove)

  • Medial head: Posterior surface of humerus (inferior to radial groove)

• Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

• Action: Elbow extension; long head also assists with shoulder extension

Pronator Teres

• Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

• Insertion: Lateral surface of the mid-radius

• Action: Forearm pronation, assists with elbow flexion

Supinator

• Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and supinator crest of ulna

• Insertion: Lateral, proximal third of radius

• Action: Supinates forearm