Last minute stats people and events flashcards 1918-1929
Q: What powers did the Kaiser have under the 1871 constitution?
A: Could dismiss chancellors, dissolve Reichstag, declare martial law, control laws (Article 17)
Q: What did Article 17 state?
A: Kaiser prepares and executes laws
Q: What was the Reichstag’s main limitation?
A: Could NOT propose or amend laws or remove chancellor
Q: What was the Bundesrat?
A: Upper house with 58 representatives from states
Q: Key stat for Prussian dominance?
A: 17/58 Bundesrat votes + 2/3 of territory
👑 KAISERS
Q: Who was Kaiser in 1871?
A: Wilhelm I
Q: When did Wilhelm I die?
A: 1888
Q: Who became Kaiser in 1888?
A: Wilhelm II
Q: Key feature of Wilhelm II?
A: Wanted personal rule, unpredictable personality
🏛 CHANCELLORS (MUST KNOW)
Q: Who was Chancellor 1871–1890?
A: Otto von Bismarck
Q: Who was Chancellor 1890–1894?
A: Leo von Caprivi
Q: Who was Chancellor 1894–1900?
A: Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
Q: Who was Chancellor 1900–1909?
A: Bernhard von Bülow
Q: Who was Chancellor 1909–1917?
A: Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg
⚔ KEY EVENTS
Q: When was Germany unified?
A: 1871
Q: What was the North German Confederation formed?
A: 1867
Q: When were tariffs introduced?
A: 1879
Q: When was the Kulturkampf?
A: 1871–1878
Q: When were Anti-Socialist Laws introduced?
A: 1878
Q: When did Bismarck resign?
A: 1890
Q: When did Weltpolitik begin?
A: 1897
Q: When was the Daily Telegraph Affair?
A: 1908
Q: When was the Zabern Affair?
A: 1913
📊 KEY STATS (SUPER IMPORTANT)
Q: Catholic population in Germany?
A: 37%
Q: Berlin population growth?
A: 1 million → 2 million
Q: SPD membership by 1890?
A: ~1.5 million
Q: Trade union membership by 1913?
A: 2.5 million
Q: Railway length by 1913?
A: 63,000 km
Q: Industrial growth rate?
A: 5% annually
Q: Steel production increase?
A: 700%
Q: German dyes production by 1914?
A: 75% of world supply
Q: Army size by 1914?
A: 4 million men
🧠 KEY PEOPLE
Q: Who led Zentrum Party?
A: Ludwig Windthorst
Q: Who led SPD (gradual socialism)?
A: August Bebel
Q: Who introduced May Laws?
A: Adalbert Falk
Q: Who led trade unions?
A: Carl Legien
Q: Who influenced the Kaiser (Camarilla)?
A: Philipp zu Eulenburg
🧱 POLITICAL PARTIES
Q: When was Zentrum formed?
A: 1870
Q: When was SPD formed?
A: 1875
Q: When were National Liberals formed?
A: 1867
Q: What did SPD represent?
A: Working class
Q: What did Conservatives represent?
A: Junkers + elites
⚔ KULTURKAMPF FLASHCARDS
Q: What was Kulturkampf?
A: Attack on Catholic Church by Bismarck
Q: When were May Laws introduced?
A: 1873
Q: Key result stat?
A: 1400/4600 parishes without priests
Q: Outcome?
A: Strengthened Zentrum
⚙ ECONOMY FLASHCARDS
Q: When was Reichsbank created?
A: 1876
Q: What did 1872 currency reform do?
A: Introduced gold-backed mark
Q: GDP change?
A: Tripled
Q: Industrial production change (1890–1914)?
A: Tripled
Q: Population by 1914?
A: 65 million
⚖ SOCIAL CHANGE FLASHCARDS
Q: Wage increase?
A: 25%
Q: Health insurance introduced?
A: 1883
Q: Accident insurance?
A: 1884
Q: Pensions introduced?
A: 1889
Q: Germans covered by sickness insurance by 1914?
A: 15 million
⚠ WW1 IMPACT FLASHCARDS
Q: What was the “Spirit of 1914”?
A: Initial unity and nationalism
Q: German deaths in WW1?
A: 2 million
Q: Wounded?
A: 4 million
Q: Daily calorie intake by 1918?
A: ~1000 calories
Q: Turnip Winter?
A: 1916–17 famine
💸 HYPERINFLATION FLASHCARDS
Q: When was hyperinflation?
A: 1923
Q: Who were the biggest losers?
A: Middle class, pensioners
Q: Who benefited?
A: Debtors, farmers
Q: Key effect?
A: Radicalisation + extremism
🧨 FINAL QUICK FIRE (EXAM GOLD)
Q: Largest party by 1912?
A: SPD
Q: % voting SPD (approx)?
A: 1 in 3 Germans
Q: What was Sammlungspolitik?
A: “Rallying together” politics
Q: What was Weltpolitik?
A: Expansionist foreign policy
Culture and art wiemar republic
metropilis and the blue angle - films
three penny opera by kurt weill and berlot brecht
mother corrage - play
all qiet on the western front - book
1918- 8 hour wokeing day granted
1922 youth welfare act
1925 accident insurace program