DNA Technology and Genomics Summary
Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRV) impacted Hawaii's papaya industry.
University of Hawaii scientists developed genetically engineered PRV-resistant papaya.
Majority of Hawaii’s papayas are now GMOs.
Gene cloning and editing produce medical/industrial products.
DNA profiling has revolutionized forensic science.
Bioinformatics aids biological research and investigations.
Gene Cloning: Involves inserting genes into recombinant plasmids; successful cloning allows for gene product harvesting.
Enzymes: Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sites; DNA ligase joins DNA fragments.
CRISPR-Cas9 system allows for targeted gene editing.
GMOs are organisms with artificially acquired genes.
Transgenic organisms are those with gene transplants from different species.
GMOs impact agriculture significantly, improving crop varieties.
DNA profiling analyzes genetic markers to determine DNA sources.
PCR is used to amplify DNA samples for profiling; it quickly generates billions of copies.
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA by size for analysis.
DNA profiling is crucial for:
Solving crimes
Establishing paternity
Identifying victims
Raises questions regarding the ethical use and potential risks of DNA technologies.