APUSH P1

new vs old world

• immigration to north America

• The contrast between the New World, characterized by its rich natural resources and opportunities for land ownership, and the Old World, which faced overpopulation and limited economic mobility, fueled significant waves of immigration to North America from Europe.

• challenges the indigenous people faces with the new coming of the European people.

Unit 1 revolved around the Columbian Exchange uniting the Americas with Asia, Africa, and the European nations in terms of trade, disease, and culture. The Native Americans dealt with westward expanding Europeans, foreshadowing treaties and conflict within North America. In South America, racial mixing through marriage and alliances with slaves and natives led to the formation of caste systems, ultimately resulting in social stratification.

Key Terms:

• Columbian Exchange: An exchange of goods, ideas, diseases, and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia, And Africa) to the New World (the Americas) in the early 1500s. This linked the continents through trade and promoted cultural interaction.

• Atlantic Slave Trade: Trade between Africa and the Americas for African American slaves who would work primarily on cotton and sugar plantations to produce profit during the 16th-19th century.

• Protestant Reformation: 16th-century European movement that aimed to reform the Roman Catholic Church and its practices. Powerful leaders having too much control over the Church.

• Encomienda System – A Spanish labor system that exploited Native Americans for agricultural and mining work.

• Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) – Agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing newly discovered lands.

• Atlantic Slave Trade – The forced migration of Africans to the Americas for labor.

• Jamestown (1607) – The first permanent English settlement in North America.