CCS 1 - Final

Javascript

Javascript

• most popular programming language

• programming language of the web

• easy to learn

• program behavior of web pages

• created in 1995 - brendan Eich

• formerly known as Mocha then LiveScript

Insert

• use <script> directly in the body

• use external js file with .js then add script src before the close body

Comments

• //single line

• /*multi-line*/

Variables

• store data values, use var, let and const.

• let

  • declare a reassignable variable.

• const

  • declare a non-changeable variable, for arrays and objects.

• var

  • old way of declaring, either global or local. For old browser.

console.log

• display in the consoleto help with debugging and viewing the values of variables at runtime.

Values

• Fixed - literals

  • numbers are written with or without decimals

  • strings can be double or single quote

• variable - variables

numeric separator

• create visual separation using _ for long digits

Identifiers

• name variables, functions, keywords

  • A-Z or a-z

  • $

  • _

  • following may be letters, digits, underscores, or dollar signs

• case sensitive

• should use camel case for multiword names

Operators

• arithmetic

• equal to assign

Data Types

• String, Number, Bigint, Boolean, Undefined, Null, Symbol, Object

Strings

• storing text, written with quotes, zero or more characters written inside quotes

• double or single quote

• Breaking long lines

  • ““ + ““

• Length

  • find length of string

• extracting chracters

  • at(position)

    • new addition allows use of negative

  • charAt(position)

    • returns character at speicifed index (position) in a string

  • charCodeAt(position)

    • returns UTF-16 code

  • property access array [ ]

    • makes it look like arrays

    • returns undeifned if not found

Extracting String parts

• slice (srt, end)

  • return the extracted part

• substring (srt, end)

  • same as slice, end values less than 0 are treated as 0

• substr (srt, lngth)

Upper Lower

• toUpperCase(), toLowerCase()

Concat

• instead of plus oerator

Trim

• removes white space

• trimStart, trimEnd

Padding

• pads a string from the start or end

• padStart, padEnd

Repeat

• returns a string with a number of copies

Replace

• replace specified value with another value

• /g global value

• /i insensitive

includes

• check if a string contains a specified value and returns true if it does

Search

• search for a specified value within a string and returns the position of the first occurence

Functions

• defined with function keyword

• function functioName() {}

Call a function

• walkForward();

Parts

• Function Name - describe what it does

• Body - run the called function

parameters, arguments

Document Object Model (DOM)

• manipulate content structure and style using javascript

• Accessing elements

  • document.getElementById

  • document.getElementByClassName

  • document.getElementByTagName

  • document.querySelector

  • document.querySelectorAll

Manipulating DOM Elements

• Changing Content of HTML elements

  • element.innerHTML

  • element.textContent

• Modifying attributes

  • element.setAttribute('attributename’, ‘value’);

  • element.getAttribute(‘attributename’);

  • element.remove(‘attributename’);

• Changing CSS styles

  • element.style.propertyName = ‘value’;

• Modifying Classes

  • use classlist

  • paragraph.classList.add()

  • paragraph.classList.remove()

• Adding removing elements

  • const newParagraph =document.createElement(“p”);

  • newParagraph.textContent = “New Content”;

  • parentElement.appendChild(newParagraph);

• Handling Events - add event listener to element

  • myButton.addEventListener('“click”, () => { })';
    
    

PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor)

server scripting language, making dynamic and interactive Web pages. widely-used, free, and efficient alternatives to other such as microsofts ASP. scripts are executed on the server

What is a PHP file

• can contain HTML, CSS, javascript

• executed on the server, result is returned to the browser as plain HTML

What can PHP Do

• PHP is compatible with various OS and servers

Syntax

• PHP script is executed on the server, then plain HTML is sent back to the browser

• can be placed anywhere

• <?php ?>

Case Sensitivity

• keywords, classes, functions and user-defined functions are not case-sensitive

• all variable names are case-sensitive

Comments

• // single line / # alt

• /*multi-line*/

Variables

• starts with $ then letter or underscore

• cannot start with number

• echo to output data

• var_dump to get data type

• = to assign

• multi value ($x = $y = $z = “example”;)

Print

• echo - can be used with or without parentheses

  • for text - echo “text”;

  • for var - echo $var;

• print - same with echo

echo has no return value while print has a return value of 1

Post, Get, and Session

Post - contains array of variables received via HTTP POST method

• from HTML forms or Javascript HTTP requests

• safer since parameters are not stored in browser history or logs

Get - contains array of variables received via HTTP POST method

• from Query strings in the URL or HTML Forms

• less secure because data sent is part of URL

Get to RETRIEVE data, Post to SUBMIT data

Session - is a way to store information to be used across multiple pages.

• unlike cookies the information is not stored in the users computer.

• started with; session_start();

• set with global var: $_SESSION;