lying in data visualization

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Front: What is data visualization best understood as?

Back: An interpretive skill that depends on evidence.

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Front: What are the three categories of visualization?

Back: Wrong, Misleading, and Truthful.

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Front: What defines a "Wrong" visualization?

Back: Visuals that misstate evidence, violate clear design and data representation rules.

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Front: What defines a "Misleading" visualization?

Back: A visualization that follows design rules but manipulates the perception of data.

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Front: What defines a "Truthful" visualization?

Back: A visualization that accurately represents data while adhering to design rules.

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Front: What are some ways to lie with charts?

Back:

Exaggerate change in chart (exaggerate y-axis)

Diminish change in chart (diminish y-axis, lengthen x-axis)

Add data and a dual vertical axis

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Front: What is a better way to show the relationship between two variables instead of using a dual vertical axis?

Back: A scatter plot.

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Front: How can maps be used to lie?

Back: By manipulating the color range between continuous range and step classification.

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Front: How can you understand the "behind the scenes" of mapped data?

Back: Create a histogram to understand data distribution.

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Would you like any adjustments or additional details?