period 7

APUSH Period 7 (1890-1945) Flashcards

Imperialism (1890s-1914)

1⃣ Spanish-American War (1898) – War between U.S. & Spain over Cuba; led to U.S. gaining Philippines, Guam, & Puerto Rico.
2⃣ USS Maine Explosion (1898) – U.S. ship exploded in Havana; blamed on Spain, leading to war.
3⃣ Platt Amendment (1901) – Gave U.S. the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
4⃣ Philippine-American War (1899-1902) – Filipino resistance to U.S. rule; led by Emilio Aguinaldo.
5⃣ Open Door Policy (1899-1900) – Ensured equal trade access in China; proposed by John Hay.
6⃣ Boxer Rebellion (1900) – Chinese nationalists revolted against foreign influence; suppressed by international forces.
7⃣ Roosevelt Corollary (1904) – U.S. could intervene in Latin America if a country was economically unstable.
8⃣ Panama Canal (1904-1914) – U.S. built a crucial trade/military route after helping Panama gain independence.

Progressivism (1900-1919)

9⃣ Muckrakers – Journalists who exposed corruption (e.g., Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle).
🔟 Meat Inspection Act & Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) – Passed due to The Jungle; led to FDA.
1⃣1⃣ Trust-Busting – Teddy Roosevelt & Taft broke up monopolies (e.g., Standard Oil, Northern Securities).
1⃣2⃣ Secret Ballot, Initiative, Referendum, Recall – Political reforms increasing voter power.
1⃣3⃣ 19th Amendment (1920) – Granted women the right to vote.
1⃣4⃣ 18th Amendment (1919) – Prohibited alcohol (Prohibition); later repealed by 21st Amendment.

World War I (1914-1918, U.S. Joins 1917)

1⃣5⃣ Zimmerman Telegram (1917) – Germany encouraged Mexico to attack the U.S.
1⃣6⃣ Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (1917) – Germany sank U.S. ships, leading to U.S. entry into WWI.
1⃣7⃣ Wilson’s Fourteen Points (1918) – Vision for post-war peace; included League of Nations & self-determination.
1⃣8⃣ Treaty of Versailles (1919) – Ended WWI; U.S. rejected it due to Article 10 (League of Nations).
1⃣9⃣ Schneck v. U.S. (1919) – Supreme Court ruled that free speech could be limited during wartime.

1920s: Social & Economic Changes

2⃣0⃣ Harlem Renaissance – Black cultural movement (jazz, literature, activism).
2⃣1⃣ Scopes Monkey Trial (1925) – Clash between science (evolution) and religion (creationism).
2⃣2⃣ Immigration Acts (1921, 1924) – Set strict quotas favoring Northern & Western Europeans.
2⃣3⃣ KKK Resurgence (1920s) – Targeted African Americans, immigrants, Catholics, & Jews.
2⃣4⃣ Mass Consumption & Conspicuous Consumption – Rise of advertising, credit, radios, & automobiles.

Great Depression (1929-1939)

2⃣5⃣ Stock Market Crash (1929) – Start of the Great Depression due to speculation & overproduction.
2⃣6⃣ Hoover’s Response (Laissez-Faire Approach) – Believed in limited government intervention.
2⃣7⃣ Bonus Army (1932) – WWI veterans demanded early pensions; forcibly removed from Washington.
2⃣8⃣ New Deal (FDR, 1933-1939) – Relief, Recovery, Reform programs to fix the economy.
2⃣9⃣ Social Security Act (1935) – Provided pensions for the elderly & unemployed.
3⃣0⃣ Court-Packing Plan (1937) – FDR’s failed attempt to add more Supreme Court justices.

World War II (1939-1945, U.S. Joins 1941)

3⃣1⃣ Lend-Lease Act (1941) – Allowed U.S. to supply weapons to Allies before joining WWII.
3⃣2⃣ Pearl Harbor Attack (Dec 7, 1941) – Led to U.S. entering WWII.
3⃣3⃣ D-Day (1944) – Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied France.
3⃣4⃣ Hiroshima & Nagasaki (1945) – U.S. dropped atomic bombs, leading to Japan’s surrender.
3⃣5⃣ Internment of Japanese Americans (Executive Order 9066, 1942) – Forced relocation of Japanese Americans during WWII.