apush terms chap 20-24

American exceptionalism
Teller Amendment
Insular Cases
Platt Amendment
“Open door” policy
Root-Takahira Agreement
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
Zimmermann telegram
War Industries Board (WIB)
National War Labor Board (NWLB)
Sedition Act of 1918
Great Migration National Woman’s Party (NWP)
Fourteen Points
League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
Red Scare
Palmer raids
Great Migration
Red Summer
American Plan
welfare capitalism
dollar diplomacy T
Teapot Dome
consumer credit
flapper
soft power
Sheppard-Towner Federal Maternity and Infancy Act
Eighteenth Amendment
Volstead Act American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
Scopes trial National Origins Act
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
Harlem Renaissance
jazz
Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
pan-Africanism

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti
Marcus Garvey
Henry Ford
Adolph Zukor
Zora Neale Hurston
Louis Armstrong

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Bonus Army

reside chats

Hundred Days

Glass-Steagall Act

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Public Works Administration (PWA)

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Federal Housing Administration (FHA)

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

American Liberty League National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)

Townsend Plan

welfare state

Wagner Act

Social Security Act

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Keynesian economics

Fair Labor Standards Act

Indian Reorganization Act

dust bowl

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Rural Electrication Administration (REA)

Federal Writers’ Project (FWP)

fascism

National Socialist (Nazi) Party

Axis powers

Neutrality Act of 1935

Popular Front

Munich Conference

America First Committee (AFC)

Four Freedoms

Lend-Lease Act

Atlantic Charter

Pearl Harbor

War Powers Act (1941)

Revenue Act

code talkers

“Double V” campaign

Executive Order 8802

Bracero Program

Servicemen’s Readjustment Act

zoot-suit riots

Executive Order 9066

D-Day

Holocaust

Manhattan Project

American exceptionalism: The belief that the United States has a unique mission to promote democracy and freedom globally. Teller Amendment: A 1898 provision that stated the U.S. would not annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War. Insular Cases: A series of Supreme Court cases that determined the constitutional rights of inhabitants in U.S. territories. Platt Amendment: A 1901 amendment allowing U.S. intervention in Cuban affairs and establishing a naval base at Guantanamo Bay. "Open Door" Policy: A diplomatic policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights in China for all foreign nations. Root-Takahira Agreement: A 1908 agreement between the U.S. and Japan affirming mutual respect for each nation's Pacific territories. Panama Canal: A significant infrastructure project completed in 1914, facilitating maritime trade between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Roosevelt Corollary: An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. intervention in Latin American countries to maintain stability. Zimmermann Telegram: A secret German diplomatic message proposing a military alliance with Mexico against the U.S. during World War I. War Industries Board (WIB): A U.S. government agency established during World War I to coordinate the production of war materials. National War Labor Board (NWLB): A government agency that mediated labor disputes during World War I to prevent strikes. Sedition Act of 1918: A law that prohibited speech perceived as disloyal or critical of the U.S. government during World War I. Great Migration: The relocation of millions of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North and West from 1916 to 1970. National Woman’s Party (NWP): A women's organization formed in 1916 that campaigned for women's suffrage and equality. Fourteen Points: President Woodrow Wilson's proposal for post-World War I peace, emphasizing self-determination and the League of Nations. League of Nations: An international organization established after World War I aimed at promoting peace and cooperation among countries. Treaty of Versailles: The 1919 peace treaty that ended World War I and imposed heavy reparations on Germany. Red Scare: The period of intense fear of communism and radical leftist ideologies in the U.S. following World War I. Palmer Raids: A series of raids conducted by the U.S. government in 1919-1920 to arrest and deport radical leftists and anarchists. Red Summer: The summer of 1919 marked by violent race riots in several U.S. cities due to racial tensions and competition for jobs. American Plan: A policy in the 1920s promoting open shops and opposing unionization in the workplace. Welfare Capitalism: A system where businesses provide welfare-like benefits to their employees to promote loyalty and reduce unionization. dollar diplomacy: U.S. foreign policy that aimed to promote American financial interests abroad through loans and investments. Teapot Dome: A scandal involving bribery and oil reserves in the 1920s, highlighting corruption in the Harding administration. Consumer credit: A form of credit that allows consumers to purchase goods and services with the promise of future payment. Flapper: A young woman in the 1920s known for her bold fashion and lifestyle choices, symbolizing women's liberation and changing social norms. Soft power: The ability to influence and attract others through cultural or ideological appeal rather than coercion or military force. Sheppard-Towner Federal Maternity and Infancy Act: A 1921 law that provided federal funding for maternity and infant healthcare. Eighteenth Amendment: The constitutional amendment prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the U.S. Volstead Act: The law enacted to provide for the enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment (Prohibition). American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU): An organization founded in 1920 focused on defending individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution. Scopes Trial: A 1925 legal case that debated the teaching of evolution in schools, highlighting the conflict between science and religion. National Origins Act: A 1924 immigration law that set quotas based on national origin, severely limiting immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe. Ku Klux Klan (KKK): A white supremacist group that emerged in the 19th century and reformed in the 20th century, promoting racism and violence. Harlem Renaissance: A cultural movement in the 1920s celebrating African American art, literature, and music, centered in Harlem, New York. Jazz: A music genre developed in the early 20th century characterized by improvisation and a strong rhythm, significant to the Harlem Renaissance. Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA): A 1920s organization founded by Marcus Garvey to promote African American culture and unity. Pan-Africanism: A worldwide movement aimed at strengthening bonds among people of African descent and promoting unity and self-determination. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti: Italian immigrants and anarchists convicted of murder in the 1920s; their trial highlighted issues of prejudice and injustice. Marcus Garvey: A Jamaican political leader and activist who promoted the Back-to-Africa movement and black nationalism in the early 20th century. Henry Ford: An American industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company, known for revolutionizing the auto industry with assembly line production. Adolph Zukor: A pioneering film producer and co-founder of Paramount Pictures, instrumental in the development of the Hollywood film industry. Zora Neale Hurston: An influential African American author and anthropologist, known for her contributions to literature and the Harlem Renaissance. Louis Armstrong: A prominent jazz musician and trumpet player, pivotal in popularizing jazz both in the U.S. and internationally. Smoot-Hawley Tariff: A 1930 tariff law that raised duties on imports, contributing to the economic downturn during the Great Depression. Bonus Army: A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington in 1932 demanding early payment of a bonus due to them. Reside chats: Informal radio talks given by President Franklin D. Roosevelt aimed at reassuring the public during the Great Depression. Hundred Days: The first hundred days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency in 1933, marked by a flurry of legislative activity to combat the Great Depression. Glass-Steagall Act: A 1933 act that separated commercial banking from investment banking to protect depositors from financial instability. Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA): A New Deal program aimed at boosting agricultural prices by reducing surpluses through production limits. National Recovery Administration (NRA): A New Deal agency that aimed to stimulate industrial recovery and set fair labor standards during the Great Depression. Public Works Administration (PWA): A New Deal agency that funded large public works projects to create jobs and stimulate the economy. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): A New Deal program that employed young men in environmental conservation projects during the Great Depression. Federal Housing Administration (FHA): A government agency established in 1934 to facilitate home financing and improve housing standards in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): An agency established in 1934 to regulate the securities markets and protect investors from fraud. American Liberty League: A political organization formed in 1934 to oppose the New Deal and promote free enterprise. National Association of Manufacturers (NAM): A trade association founded in 1895 that advocates for the interests of manufacturers in the U.S. Townsend Plan: A proposal during the Great Depression advocating for old-age pensions funded by a national sales tax. Welfare state: A government system that provides social services and economic assistance to its citizens to improve well-being. Wagner Act: A 1935 law that granted workers the right to unionize and engage in collective bargaining. Social Security Act: A 1935 law providing for retirement pensions and unemployment insurance for American workers. Works Progress Administration (WPA): A New Deal agency that provided jobs for the unemployed in various sectors during the Great Depression. Keynesian economics: An economic theory advocating for increased government expenditures and lower taxes to stimulate demand and pull the economy out of depression. Fair Labor Standards Act: A 1938 law establishing minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor regulations in the U.S. Indian Reorganization Act: A 1934 law aimed at reversing the assimilation policies directed at Native Americans and restoring some self-governance. Dust Bowl: A period of severe dust storms in the 1930s, causing significant agricultural damage in the Southern Plains of the U.S. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA): A federal corporation created in 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley. Rural Electrification Administration (REA): A New Deal agency established in 1935 to provide electricity to rural areas of the United States. Federal Writers’ Project (FWP): A New Deal program that employed writers to document American life and culture during the Great Depression. Fascism: A political ideology characterized by authoritarian nationalism, centralized control, and suppression of dissent. National Socialist (Nazi) Party: A fascist political party in Germany led by Adolf Hitler, known for its totalitarian regime and the Holocaust. Axis Powers: The coalition of nations led by Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II. Neutrality Act of 1935: U.S. law designed to prevent American involvement in foreign wars by restricting arms sales and loans to warring countries. Popular Front: A political alliance of leftist groups in the 1930s aimed at opposing fascism and promoting social reform. Munich Conference: A 1938 meeting where European leaders appeased Adolf Hitler by allowing Nazi Germany to annex portions of Czechoslovakia. America First Committee (AFC): An isolationist organization active before World War II that opposed U.S. entry into the war. Four Freedoms: A set of principles articulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 promoting freedom of speech, worship, from want, and from fear. Lend-Lease Act: A program in 1941 that allowed the U.S. to supply Allied nations with war materials during World War II. Atlantic Charter: A pivotal policy statement issued during World War II by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill outlining goals for the post-war world. Pearl Harbor: The U.S. naval base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, which led to the U.S. entering World War II. War Powers Act (1941): A law aimed at increasing the executive branch's authority in wartime by granting the President power to conduct military operations. Revenue Act: A series of laws enacted to adjust tax rates and revenues in the U.S., especially during the early years of World War II. Code talkers: Native American soldiers who used their languages to create secure military communications during World War II. “Double V” campaign: A campaign during World War II advocating for victory against fascism abroad and racial discrimination at home. Executive Order 8802: A 1941 order prohibiting racial discrimination in the defense industry and establishing the Fair Employment Practices Committee. Bracero Program: A wartime agreement that allowed Mexican laborers to work in the U.S. from 1942 to 1964, primarily in agriculture. Servicemen’s Readjustment Act: A 1944 law providing various benefits to returning World War II veterans, including education and housing assistance. Zoot-suit riots: A series of riots in 1943 in Los Angeles between U.S. servicemen and Mexican-American youths over racially charged conflicts. Executive Order 9066: A 1942 executive order that authorized the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. D-Day: The Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, a significant turning point in World War II. Holocaust: The genocide of six million Jews and millions of others by Nazi Germany during World War II. Manhattan Project: A top-secret U.S. project during World War II aimed at developing atomic weapons.