3rd

41. Concentrate A classification of feedstuffs high in energy and low in fibre, usually further divided into energy and protein concentrates. Often used interchangeably with supplement (e.g., corn, barley, soybeans).

42. Condensed Reduced to a denser form by removing moisture.

43. Condensed distillers' solubles The liquid portion or "syrup" that has been separated from the residual fermentation stillage or mash, with a portion of its water content evaporated. The solubles usually contain 25%-30% dry matter and are often re-combined with the corn distillers' grains to form corn distillers' grains with solubles.

44. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) A variety of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid naturally formed in the rumen through the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid by rumen bacteria. Consumption of meat and milk containing CLAhas been linked to potential health benefits in humans.

45. Coproducts See Byproduct.

46. Corn distillers' grains The residual grains or byproduct that contain the nutrients remaining after the starch from corn has been fermented to alcohol. The concentration of these residual nutrients is approximately 3x that found in the original corn.

47. Cracked [particle size] reduced by a combined breaking and crushing action.

48. Crimped [feed] rolled using grooved rollers.

49. Crude fat estimate of the total fat content of feeds taken from older collection of methods known as proximate methodology

50. Crude fibre (CF) Chemical analysis that involves extraction of a ground feed sample with diethyl ether followed by sequential boiling in dilute acid and dilute base. Residue is then burned in a furnace; CF is calculated as the difference in weight of the sample before and after burning. CF has been replaced by ADF and NDF fibre fractions in ruminant feeds but is still reported for monogastric feeds.

51. Crude protein An estimate of the total protein content of a feed determined by analyzing the nitrogen content of the feed and multiplying the result by 6.25. Crude protein includes true protein and other nitrogen-containing substances such as ammonia, amino acids, nitrates.

52. Crumbles Pelleted feed that has been broken into smaller granular pieces.

53. Cubes Long or coarsely cut hay compressed into high density cubes to facilitate transportation, storage and feeding.

54. Cured [feed] preserved by drying, chemical additives or other preservation methods.

55. Degradable intake protein (DIP) See Rumen-degradable protein.