Chapter 7: Respiratory System

Define the medical terms:

1. nas/o- ; rhin/o:  nose

2. sept/o-  septum 

3. sinus/o-  sinus, cavity

4. pharyng/o-  pharynx (throat)

5. adenoid/o-  adenoids

6. tonsill/o -  tonsils

7. epiglott/o-  epiglottis

8. laryng/o-  larynx (voice box)

9. trache/o-  trachea (windpipe)

10. anthrac/o-  coal, coal dust

11. atel/o- incomplete; imperfect

12. ortho/o- straight

13. pector/o; steth/o; thorac/o-  chest

14. coni/o-  dust

15. spir/o-  breathe

16. pleur/o-  pleura

17. pneum/o or pneumon/o- air; lung

18. –ptysis spitting

19. –centesis  surgical puncture

20. –capnia- carbon dioxide (CO2)

21. –osmia  smell

22. –phonia  voice

23. –pnea  breathing

24. -thorax   chest

25. eu-   good, normal

26. dys-  bad; painful; difficult

27. coryza- acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called rhinitis; AKA “common cold”

28. Influenza: acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract. Sx: weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms, and legs. AKA “flu”

29. Dyspnea: difficult, bad, painful breathing

30. Epistaxis: nose bleed

31. Hemoptysis: spitting up blood

Complete the following:

1. The plural form of the word bronchus   bronchi

2. Bronchi that are smaller (more minute) in size are called bronchioles

3. Tiny sacs found at the end of the bronchioles are called   alveoli

4. Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in pulmonary capillaries of the alveoli.

5. Cartilage structure that divides the nares is called the nasal septum.

6. The space between the right and left lungs is called the mediastinum. It contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchi. 

7. The pleura is a serous membrane that covers the lobes of the lungs and folds over to line the walls of the thoracic cavity. 

   1. The membrane that lies closest to the lung is the visceral pleura. 

   2. The membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is called the parietal pleura. 

8. The diaphragm is the muscular partition that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. 

9. Surgical repair of the nose is called a rhinoplasty.

10. Occupational disorder commonly caused by inhaling dust particles (abnormal condition of dust in the lungs) pneumoconiosis.

11. Pulmonary embolism can be caused by deep vein thrombosis (blood clot) that travels from the leg to the lungs.

12. Collapsed or airless condition of the lung(s) is called atelectasis.

13. Bluing coloring of the skin due to lack of oxygen is called cyanosis.

14. Rapid breathing is called tachypnea.

15. Slow breathing is called bradypnea.

16. Absence of smell anosmia

17. Croup is a common childhood condition that involves inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes the lungs. Common symptom includes a barky cough 

18. Pertussis is an infectious disease that causes whooping cough. 

19. Inflammation of the pleural membrane is called pleurisy or pleuritis.

20. Which life threatening genetic disorder produces a thick mucus that blocks the airways, and can plug the ducts of the pancreas       cystic fibrosis

21. Inflammation of the epiglottis epiglottitis

22. Excess of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in the blood stream hypercapnia

23. Low levels of oxygen in the blood hypoxemia

24. Test used to assess for sleep apnea (process of recording many sleep cycles/stages) is called polysomnography

25. Name the three parts of the pharynx (throat)

    1. nasopharynx

    2. oropharynx

    3. laryngopharynx

26. Name the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases we covered in Ch. 7

Asthma

Emphysema

Chronic Bronchitis

27. Which COPD disease is caused by decreased elasticity of the alveoli? 

Emphysema (pg 191)

Know the pathway of inhaled air for the respiratory system.

1. Nose (nares)

2. Nasal Cavities

3. Pharynx (throat)

4. Larynx (voice box)

5. Trachea (windpipe)

6. Bronchi

7. Bronchioles

8. Alveoli

9. Lung capillaries

10. Oxygen enters the blood stream