Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Vocabulary

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Transcription Pre-initiation Complex in Eukaryotes

• This section likely discusses the assembly of the transcription pre-initiation complex in eukaryotes, which is essential for initiating transcription.

The Role of Mediator

• This section probably describes the role of the Mediator complex in eukaryotic transcription. The Mediator complex is a multi-protein complex that acts as a bridge between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II, facilitating the initiation of transcription.

Effects of Gene/Tissue-Specific Factors (Activators and Repressors)

• Affect the ability of General Transcription Factors (GTFs) to bind to the core promoter sequence.
• Stimulate RNA polymerase II to proceed to elongation.
• Recruit chromatin-remodeling complexes and/or histone modifications.

Upstream TFs and GTFs

• Likely discusses the interaction and roles of upstream transcription factors (TFs) and general transcription factors (GTFs) in regulating gene expression.

Upstream TFs and Mediator

• Probably discusses the interaction between upstream transcription factors and the Mediator complex. Upstream TFs bind to specific DNA sequences and interact with the Mediator complex to regulate transcription.

Activators Recruit ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Complexes

• Activators recruit ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which in turn:
  • Change locations/spacing of nucleosomes.
  • Evict histones from nucleosomes.
  • Replace standard histones with histone variants.

Activators Recruit Histone Modifying Enzymes

• Activators can also recruit histone modifying enzymes, which alter chromatin structure and affect gene expression.

Pioneer TF

• This section likely discusses the role of pioneer transcription factors in initiating gene expression by binding to condensed chromatin and recruiting other factors.

Regulation of Protein Level/Function

• This section presents one last example of the regulation of protein level/function, highlighting the importance of controlling protein expression and activity.

Importance of Regulation of Protein Expression and Activity

• Why is regulation of protein expression and activity important and relevant?
  • What would be the consequence of losing it? Losing the regulation of protein expression and activity could have significant consequences for cellular function and organismal health, potentially leading to diseases or developmental abnormalities.