Untitled Flashcards Set

  • stages of grief

    • denial

    • anger

    • bargain

    • depression

    • acceptance

  • buspirone takes→2-4 weeks to work, anxiolytic, benzodiazepine, does NOT cause sedation or abuse potential

  • conversion defense mechanism→physical symptoms resulting from stress without cause

  • displacement defense mechanism→transfer emotions "yelling at nurse cause of poor diagnosis"

  • intellectualization→avoid emotions in situations and focuses on facts

  • rationalization defense→attempt to justify unacceptable behavior using logic

  • sublimation→"punch pillow instead of person"

  • involuntary admission→danger to self or others, cant meet basic needs due to need for mental health treatment, still have right to refuse meds, can stray for 60 days, cant leave against medical avdice.

  • valproic acide for

    • bipolar

    • monitor liver and kidneys

    • no CNS effects or dependance

  • early signs of alzhiemers

    • forgetting material that was just read

  • severe alzheimers sign→cant feel emotionsm or walk, sit, swallow

  • moderate sigh of alziehimers→cant control bedder, needs help with every day tasks, cant understand hunger or how to adress

  • confabulation→filling gaps of info with fake to avoid embarrassment of memory loss

  • perseveration→repetition of phrases or behavior under stress

  • apraxia→loss of movement , cant preform tasks or movements when asked but command is understood

  • agnosia→loss of sensory ability to recognize objects (cant recognize familiar sounds or people

  • cognitive decline→(mild dementia) cant find household items and subtle changes to personality

  • moderate cognitive decline→disoriented to time, place, event, cant handle finances, cant use language, withdraw from socializing and become self absorbed

  • risks for depression→female is primary risk 2-1

  • affective symptoms→emotional responses that are not appropriate or are inconsistent with stimulus or behavior

  • dysphoria→unpleasant mood, depression, anxiety, discontent, unhappiness

  • cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia→impairment in memory, attention, thinking, judgment, problem solving

  • Agoraphobia→avoidance of places or situations from which escape can be hard. some avoid public spaces or scared of leaving home

  • covert statements for suicide→not easy to identify, do not openly express suicidal thoughts

  • repression defense mechanism→excluding unwanted experiences, emotions, or ideas

  • cocaine use shows as→tachycardia, DIALATED pupils, mental alertness, hypertension

  • sudden stop of benzodiazepines→seizures

  • stop of lithium→polyuria

  • Heroin intoxication→it is an opioid and can cause impaired coordination and respiratory depression, pain reduction, drowsiness, sedation

  • pseudoephedrine→interacts with tricyclic meds , causing cardiac dysrhythmias

  • people with anxiety dread making decisions, nurse can help reassure client that they can get help with that

  • aversion therapy is needed for→alchohol use or aggression where meds dont work, not used for anxiety

  • donepezil→for alzheimers, take at bedtime to reduce bradycardia and syncope , takes 4-6 weeks to work, GI bleed risk

  • tension building phase of domestic violence→episodes are minor and recipient might rationalize by accepting blame

  • alcohol withdrawal includes muscle tremors not flaccidity

  • pentobarbital→bartiurate for seizure disorder and can be useed for insomina and acute manic state and delirium, most dangerous effect is respiratory depression

  • opioid withdrawal causes→rhinorrhea, or flu like, muscle spasms, hyperreflexia, diarrhea, increase respiratory rate

  • erotomaniac delusions→pt thinks other person likes them after only meeting for few times

  • persecutory delusion→pt believes they are being singled out

  • nihilistic delusion→major catastrophe will happen

  • control delusion→believes others can control the clients thoughts and feelings

  • somatic delusion→"my brain is dead, my body is slowly rotting"

  • diazepam→a benzodiazepine can cause sedation that gets better within 7-10 days

  • cocaine intoxication→hypervigilane or paranoid , dialated pupils , hyperalterness, and activity

  • dysthymic disorder→milder form of bipolar characterized by difficulty sleeping and mild depression (less severe form of depression) also know as PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

  • histrionic personality disorder→attention seeking, rapid shifts in emotion

  • schizotypal→social impairments and cognitive alterations like superstitious actions that are not normal like increase in use of metaphors, magical thinking and visual disturbances less frequent and intense psychotic episodes than schizophrenia

  • →

  • cluster C personality disorders

    • phobias

    • avoidant

    • dependent

  • cluster B personality disorder

    • antisocial

    • borderline

    • histrionic

  • cluster A personality disorder

    • schizotypal - weird speech and behavior, magical thinking, less psychotic episodes compaired to schizophrenia

    • schizoid - blunt, cant make relationships

    • paranoid

  • alcohol withdrawal symptoms

    • seizures can happen 12-24 hrs after stopping

    • delirium tremens can result in death and can happen within 72 hrs of stopping, can happen after stoping heavy drinking for 3 days

    • HYPERTENSION happens within 6-8 hrs

  • anhedonia→lack of interest in daily activites

  • dystonia→extrapyramidal adverse effect seen as muscle spasms not motor restlessness

  • parkinsonism→shuffling gait, drooling, stooped posture

  • tardive dyskinesia→irreversible finding of involuntary movement

  • akathisia→sense of inner restlessness and has pacing, rocking back and fourth, constant foot tapping

  • valproic acid and ‒‒‒ are safe for bipolar disease→lithium

  • pseudoparkinsonism→tremors of extremities, loss of balance, cant walk

  • doxepin adverse effects

    • weight gain

    • constipation

    • tachycardia

    • drowsiness

  • adventitious crisis→something not part of everyday lift, unplanned

  • give disulfiram→to maintain sobriety with alchohol use disorder

  • clonidine treats→heroin withdrawal

  • buprenorphine treates→opioid withdrawal

  • varenicline reduces→nicotine cravings

  • catatonia→positive symptom, hold werid positions, mimick others

  • easily distracted is a hallmark manifestation of→delirium

  • confabulation and aphasia are manifestation of→dementia

  • check what lab with clozapine→absolute neutrophil count

  • veracity→to tell the truth

  • nonmaleficence→do no harm

  • benztropine is used to→treat parkinsonism like shuffling gait

  • fluoxetine can cause→sexual dysfunction like anorgasmia and impotence, notify the provider

  • temp less than 96.8 and body weight less than 75% and body fat less than→10%

  • somatic delusion→when body part is no longer functioning in realistic or expected manner

  • stage 4 alzheimers→can identify names of family members , cant at stage 6

  • agranulocytosis

    • pt gets sick like sore throat and fever

    • hospitalize and montiro

    • getting better if not hearing voices as much

    • if neutropenic count less than 500- sick

  • PTSD

    • hearing of experience can cause trauma

  • somatic symptom disorder

    • significant focus on physical symptoms like pain, SOB, weakness

    • have excessive thoughts and fears of condition

    • psychotherapy helps - talking

  • conversion disorder

    • affects perception, sensation, movement

    • can have subben blindness, trouble walking, numbness

    • can last weeks

    • can have anxiety and depression

  • illness anxiety disorder→extreme worry and fearfulness about having an illness

  • functional neurological disorder

  • kids conduct disorder can turn into→antisocial behavior

  • dissociative fuge→reversible amnesia for identity like memories

  • dissociative identity disorder

    • also known as multiple personalities disorder

    • 2 or more identities

    • cant recall info that would be remembered

    • extreme stress in childhood

    • gaps in memory

    • traumatic childhood

  • active dystonia→muscle spasms of the head and neck during first days of antipsychotic med, vitals are normal, can have rigid jaw and clenching, mostly upper face and torso

  • electroconclusive therapy

    • sends electric current through the brain

    • cases brief surg of eletrical activty with the brain

    • helps with major depression or bipolar

    • goal is to initiate seizure to change brain function

    • can cause some memory loss

    • no contrast is given

  • lithium toxicities

    • normal 0.8-1.2

    • 1.5-2.5 - MILD - GI discomfort, N,V,D, poor coordination

    • 2.5-3.5 - moderate - confusion, uncontrollable shaking, blurred vision, jerking motor movement

  • neutropenia NEUTROPHIL COUNT count→1000-1499

  • agranulocytosis NEUTROPHIL COUNT→LESS THAN 1000

  • Normal neutrophil count→5,000-11,000

  • mild anxiety→slight change in vitals

  • moderate anxiety→physical symptoms, increased HR, muscle tension

  • severe anxiety→rapid breathing, increased hr, restless, cant function well

  • panic anxiety→extreme physical symptoms, chest pain, palpitations, SOB

  • transcendence→person is able to verbalize understanding meaning of life and purpose

  • integrity vs dispair→65 and on

  • industry vs inferiority→7-11

  • identity vs role confusion→12-18

  • intimacy vs isolation→19-29

  • generativity vs stagnation→30-64

  • sigmund freud→psychodynamic theory

  • maslow→humanisitc

  • erikson→psychosocial stages of development

  • watson→behavioral therapy

  • mental status exam cognitive→count backwards, thinking

  • mental status exam affect→facial appearance, expression, reaction

  • mental status exam language ability→ask client to read, write state,emt book

  • mental status exam remote memory→list 3 objects, repeat list in 15 min after talking about subject

  • mental status exam abstract thinking→provide scenario with situation that requires problem thinking

  • premenstrual dysphoric disorder→mood changes week before period