Legacy and Long-Term Effects of Early Reform Movements 

Legacy and Long-Term Effects of Early Reform Movements 
+2nd wave of reform called Progressivism from 1900-1920

Abolitionist movement laid the groundwork for the eventual end of slavery

• Emancipation Proclamation (1863) and 13th Amendment (1865) abolished slavery in the United States

• Reconstruction era (1865-1877) attempted to address the challenges of integrating former slaves into American society

Women's rights movement made gradual progress towards legal and social equality

• 19th Amendment (1920) granted women the right to vote nationwide

• Subsequent waves of feminism continued to push for greater opportunities and protections for women

Education reform established the foundation for the modern public school system

• Common schools became the norm, providing free, tax-supported education to children across the country

• Higher education expanded, with the establishment of land-grant colleges (Morrill Act, 1862) and increased access for women and minorities

Temperance movement achieved short-term success with Prohibition (18th Amendment, 1920)

• Prohibition ultimately failed and was repealed (21st Amendment, 1933), but the movement raised awareness about alcohol abuse and addiction

Prison and asylum reform eventually led to improved conditions and the development of more humane treatment methods 

• The concept of rehabilitation and individualized care gained traction, influencing modern approaches to criminal justice and mental health