What functional group characterizes phenols?

1. Carbonyl

2. Hydroxyl

3. Amine

4. Carboxyl

How are monohydric phenols named in the IUPAC system?

1. As derivatives of benzene

2. As derivatives of alcohols

3. As derivatives of carboxylic acids

4. As derivatives of phenol

Which of the following is NOT an example of a phenol?

1. Phenol

2. Catechol

3. Thymol

4. Acetone

Where are phenols and cresols obtained from?

1. Petroleum

2. Natural gas

3. Coal tar

4. Crude oil

How is phenol prepared in the laboratory?

1. By the oxidation of alcohols

2. By the reduction of aldehydes

3. By the diazotization of primary aromatic amines

4. By the dehydration of alkanes

Why are phenols more acidic than alcohols?

1. Due to resonance stabilization

2. Due to the presence of hydrogen bonding

3. Due to the presence of electron-donating groups

4. Due to the presence of electron-withdrawing groups

What is the conjugate base of phenol called?

1. Phenylate ion

2. Phenoxide ion

3. Phenyl ion

4. Phenolate ion

How do phenols react with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide?

1. They form alcohols

2. They form esters

3. They form phenoxide salts

4. They form ethers

What color compound is formed when phenols react with ferric chloride?

1. Red

2. Green

3. Purple

4. Yellow

What is responsible for the purple color formed when phenols react with ferric chloride?

1. Formation of a ferric phenoxide salt

2. Formation of a ferric alcoholate salt

3. Formation of a ferric carboxylate salt

4. Formation of a ferric ester salt

Which of the following is true about the acidity of phenols?

1. Phenols are less acidic than alcohols

2. Phenols are equally acidic as alcohols

3. Phenols are more acidic than alcohols

4. Phenols are non-acidic

What effect do electron-withdrawing groups have on the acidity of phenols?

1. They decrease the acidity

2. They increase the acidity

3. They have no effect on the acidity

4. They convert phenols into alcohols

What is the name of the purple colored compound formed when phenol reacts with ferric chloride?

1. Ferric phenolate

2. Ferric phenoxide

3. Ferric phenylate

4. Ferric phenol

What is the solubility of phenoxide salts compared to phenols?

1. Phenoxide salts are less soluble

2. Phenoxide salts are more soluble

3. Phenoxide salts have the same solubility

4. Phenoxide salts are insoluble

What property of phenoxide salts makes them water-soluble?

1. They are less acidic than phenols

2. They are more acidic than phenols

3. They are less polar than phenols

4. They are more polar than phenols

What effect does the hydroxyl group in phenol have on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions?

1. It deactivates the benzene ring

2. It activates the benzene ring

3. It has no effect on the benzene ring

4. It decreases the reactivity of the benzene ring

In the bromination of phenol, what product is formed?

1. 2-bromophenol

2. 3-bromophenol

3. 4-bromophenol

4. 2,4,6-tribromophenol

What type of solvents can produce a white precipitate of 2,4,6-tribromophenol during the bromination of phenol?

1. Aprotic solvents

2. Non-polar solvents

3. Protic solvents

4. Inert solvents

What happens when phenol is added to 5% NaOH solution and shaken?

1. It forms a white precipitate

2. It dissolves completely

3. It forms a yellow solution

4. It forms a green solution

What color is produced when 1% phenol reacts with 1% ferric chloride?

1. Red

2. Green

3. Blue

4. Purple

Which of the following tests can differentiate between phenol and salicylic acid?

1. Solubility in alkali

2. Reaction with ferric chloride

3. Bromine water test

4. Phenolphthalein formation

What is the purpose of adding bromine water drop by drop to 1% phenol and 1% salicylic acid?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To test for the presence of phenols

4. To test for the presence of esters

What is the purpose of heating the mixture of phenol and phthalic anhydride with concentrated sulfuric acid in the Phenolphthalein Formation test?

1. To form a white precipitate

2. To form a colored solution

3. To form an ester

4. To form phenolphthalein

What color change is observed when the solution from the Phenolphthalein Formation test is added to 5% NaOH?

1. Colorless to pink

2. Pink to colorless

3. Yellow to red

4. Red to yellow

What color change is observed when the solution from the Phenolphthalein Formation test is added to 5% HCl?

1. Colorless to pink

2. Pink to colorless

3. Yellow to red

4. Red to yellow

What color is produced when 1% phenol reacts with Millon's reagent and albumin is added?

1. Red

2. Green

3. Blue

4. Purple

What is the purpose of boiling the solution from the Millon's Test in a water bath?

1. To evaporate the solvent

2. To accelerate the reaction

3. To dissolve the precipitate

4. To cool down the solution

What color change is observed after boiling the solution from the Millon's Test?

1. Colorless to red

2. Red to colorless

3. Yellow to red

4. Red to yellow