Neurotransmitters and Their Possible Roles in Alcohol Dependence

Dopamine

Conveys excitatory signals from one neuron to another

Acute alcohol ingestion facilitates dopamine’s excitatory effect

Nevo and Hamon 1995



Acute alcohol withdrawal reduces dopamine’s excitatory effect

Nevo and Hamon 1995

Glutamate

Conveys excitatory signals from one neuron to another

Acute alcohol ingestion reduces glutamate’s excitatory effect

Nevo and Hamon 1995

Monoamine oxidase (MAO)

Catalyzes the breakdown of dopamine and serotonin

Unknown

Nevo and Hamon 1995

Norepinephrine

Conveys excitatory signals from one neuron to another

Acute alcohol ingestion facilitates NE’s excitatory effect

Nevo and Hamon 1995

Peptides

Convey excitatory signals from one neuron to another

Lead to a global reduction in the production of peptides

Madeira and Paula-Barbosa 1999

Serotonin

Conveys excitatory signals from one neuron to another

Acute alcohol ingestion facilitates serotonin’s excitatory effect

Yoshimoto et al. 2000



Chronic alcohol ingestion reduces serotonin’s excitatory effect

Berggren et al. 2002