ML

Organic Industrial processes

__The Contact Process:

__The contact process makes sulphur dioxide – which converts sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide (reversible reaction) – which then converts sulphur trioxide into concentrated sulfuric acid.

  4. Converting sulphur trioxide into sulfuric acid can’t be done by simply adding water as the reaction is uncontrollable. Instead, sulphur trioxide is first dissolved in sulfuric acid to produce ==oleum==.
  6. ==Oleum== can then be reacted safely with water to produce sulfuric acid.

The catalyst used to increase the rate of reaction is ==Vanadium Pentoxide (V2O5)

==Temperature: ==400-450°C

==Pressure: ==>1atm (101kPa) (atmospheric pressure), maximum 5atm

==__The Habor Process:

__The Haber process creates ammonia (NH3) by combining nitrogen from the air with hydrogen derived from methane gas.

The catalyst used to increase the rate of reaction is ==iron==. It is also used with ==potassium hydroxide (KOH)== which acts as a promoter to increase efficiency.

Pressure: ==200atm (20265kPa)

==Temperature: ==400-450°C