Physical Science - Chapter 17.3

🩰 ✧･ﾟ: The Basics of Measuring Electricity :･ﾟ✧

• Voltage (V): The unit for electric potential, measured in Volts (V).

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• Ohm (Ω): The unit for electrical resistance (R).

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Ampere (A): The unit for current (I). It measures how much charge passes a point every second.

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• Watt (W): The unit for power (P). It tells you the rate at which energy is transferred or used by a device.

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🎀 ✧･ﾟ: Ohm’s Law & The "Mozart of Electricity" :･ﾟ✧

Georg Simon Ohm (1789-1854) was a German physicist known for discovering the fundamental relationship in circuits.

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• Ohm’s Law: In any material, voltage and current are proportional.

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  • If resistance is constant: As current increases, voltage increases.

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  • If voltage is constant: The lower the resistance, the higher the current.

• The Magic Formula: R=V/I​ (or V=I×R).

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🩰 ✧･ﾟ: Power & Energy Formulas :･ﾟ✧

• Electrical Power (P): The rate at which electrical energy turns into another form (like heat or mechanical energy).

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  • Formula: P=V×I.

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  • Note: 1 Kilowatt (kW)=1000 Watts (W).

• Electrical Energy (E): What power companies actually bill you for, measured over time.

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  • Formula: E=P×t (Power × Time).

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  • Usually measured in kilowatt-hours via a meter on the outside of your home.

🎀 ✧･ﾟ: Cozy & Conscious: Energy Saving Tips :･ﾟ✧

• Lighting & Appliances:

  • Switch to LED bulbs and Energy Star rated appliances.

  • Always turn off lights and "electoral" appliances when not in use.

  • Beware of Vampire Power: Unplug devices because they still draw energy even when "off".

• Heating & Cooling:

  • Use fans instead of AC and set your thermostat higher in the summer.

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  • Insulate windows, doors, and attics to keep the warmth in.

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• Daily Habits:

  • Wash laundry in cold water and only run full loads.

  • Air dry your dishes and clothes whenever possible.

  • Don't "mull" over what you want with the fridge door open!.