Flashcards Chapter 5-Tissues
Chapter 5: Tissues
5.1 Cells Are Organized into Tissues
Tissues: groups of similar cells performing common functions.
Four major tissue types: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous.
5.2 Epithelial Tissues
Characteristics: cover organs, line cavities, make up glands, avascular, rapidly healing, tightly packed.
Classified by shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar) and layers (simple, stratified, pseudostratified).
Examples of epithelium:
Simple Squamous: alveoli, capillaries (filtration, diffusion).
Simple Cuboidal: kidney tubules, glands (secretion, absorption).
Simple Columnar: intestines, uterus (secretion, absorption).
Stratified Squamous: skin, oral cavity (protection).
Transitional: urinary bladder (stretching).
5.3 Connective Tissues
Characteristics: most abundant tissue type; composed of cells, fibers, and ground substance; varies from fluid to solid; includes fixed and wandering cells.
Functions: binding, support, protection, frameworks, fat storage, blood cell production.
Major types: Loose (Areolar, Adipose), Dense (Regular, Irregular, Elastic), Specialized (Cartilage, Bone, Blood).
5.4 Membranes
Composed of epithelial and connective tissues.
Types:
Serous: line cavities not open to the exterior; secrete serous fluid.
Mucous: line cavities opening to the outside; secrete mucus.
Cutaneous: skin; protects body surface.
Synovial: connective tissue; line joint cavities.
5.5 Muscle Tissues
Characteristics: excitable, contractile.
Types:
Skeletal: voluntary, striated, attached to bones.
Smooth: involuntary, non-striated, in walls of hollow organs.
Cardiac: involuntary, striated, in heart; intercalated discs present.
5.6 Nervous Tissues
Neurons: main functional cells, conduct impulses for body regulation.
Neuroglia: supportive cells for neurons.
Nervous tissue located in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
Glandular Epithelium
Endocrine (secretes into blood) and Exocrine (secretes into ducts).
Exocrine gland types: unicellular (goblet cells) and multicellular (simple and compound glands).