ACES/PACES

Ten Aces

1. household dysfunction 

   1. parental mental illness 

   2. domestic violence 

   3. parental addiction 

   4. incarcerated household member 

   5. parental divorce/ separation or death 

2. neglect

   1. physical neglect: not provided sufficient resources for healthy development 

   2. emotional neglect: child feels unloved/ family does not support each other

3. abuse 

   1. physical 

   2. sexual 

   3. emotional

• ACE study of 17,000 participants 

  • 36% - 0 ACE 

  • 26% - 1 ACE 

  • 16% - 2 ACE 

  • 9.5% - 3 ACE

  • 12.5% - 4 and over ACE

• PACEs: Experiences that promote resiliency, emotional regulation in the face of adversity. 

• Two categories: Relationships & Resources 

PACEs of Importance

1. Someone loves child unconditionally 

2. Child has at least one best friend 

3. Child regularly help others (volunteering) or contributes to community projects 

4. Child is regularly involved in organized sports activities or physical activity 

5. Child is an active member of at least one civic group such as scouts, church, youth group 

6. Child has an engaging hobby - an artistic or intellectual pastime (music, reading, theater, academic clubs) 

7. Child has an adult they can trust/count on when needed (coach, teacher, minister, relative, neighbor) 

8. Child’s home is typically clean and safe with enough food to eat 

9. Child’s school provides resources/ academic experiences that are needed to learn. 

10. Home rules are clear and fairly administered 

• Mediating institutions: social groups and organizations that provide what the family or federal government is unable to provide