History of Civ to 1500 Exam 4 - Dr. Clauson (Cedarville University)

Dates

  1. 476 - Fall of Western Empire

  2. 529 - Council of Orange

  3. 590-604 - Gregory I (the Great)

  4. 632 and forward - Rise of Islam

  5. 800 - Coronation of Charlemagne

  6. 962 - Otto I, Holy Roman Empire in Germany

  7. 700s-1000s - Viking raids and invasions

  8. 1054 - Great Schism

  9. 1066 - William the Conqueror invades England

  10. 1075 - Investiture Controversy (Gregory VII)

  11. 1079 - "Re-discovery" of Corpus Juris Civilis

  12. 1095 - First Crusade

  13. c.1100 - Rise of Scholasticism as a method

  14. 1100s - "Twelfth Century Renaissance" and rise of universities

  15. 1215 - Fourth Lateran Council

  16. 1215 - Magna Carta (England)

  17. 1200s - Recovery of Aristotle and Plato in the West

  18. 1274 - Death of Thomas Aquinas and beginning of his popularity

  19. 1302 - Unam Sanctam

  20. 1337-1453 - Hundred Years War

  21. 1378-1417 - The "Babylonian Captivity"

  22. 1450s - Invention of the printing press (Gutenberg)

  23. 1453 - Fall of Constantinople

  24. 1517 - Luther posts Disputatio

Terms

  1. Middle Ages - Period from c. 500 to c. 1500, characterized by an incurably religious worldview

  2. Dark Ages - Earlier term for the Middle Ages, now less favored by historians

  3. Corpus Christianum - Idea of a unified Christian society that began in the Middle Ages

  4. Scholasticism - Method of critical thought which dominated teaching in medieval universities

  5. Feudalism - System of political organization with fragmented authority and localized power

  6. Trivium - Three subjects of study in medieval universities: logic, rhetoric, and grammar

  7. Quadrivium - Four subjects of study in medieval universities: mathematics, geometry, astronomy, and music

  8. Caesaropapism - Political theory where a single sovereign rules over both civil and ecclesiastical realms

  9. Erastian - Relating to the doctrine of state supremacy over the church in ecclesiastical matters

  10. Decretals - Papal letters containing authoritative decisions on points of canon law

Ideas

  1. Medieval Worldview - Belief that the world is governed by spiritual forces, has a purpose (teleology), and is a moral order

  2. Three Orders - Social structure in medieval society consisting of those who pray, those who fight, and those who work

  3. Corpus Juris Civilis - Roman law code rediscovered in the 11th century, greatly influencing Western legal systems

  4. Scholastic Method - Approach to learning that emphasized dialectical reasoning and reconciling contradictory arguments

  5. Church-State Relations - Ongoing tension and debate over the proper relationship between religious and secular authority

  6. Aristotelian Influence - After 1200s, Aristotle's philosophy became more prominent in theology and natural philosophy

  7. Medieval Science - Characterized by reliance on past authorities, limited experimentation, and a unified cosmology

  8. Medieval Economic Thought - Included concepts of feudalism, restrictions on usury, limited profit, and guild systems

  9. Medieval Marriage - Viewed as a sacramental institution and covenant, with procreation as the main purpose

  10. Medieval Literacy - Limited to clergy and related vocations, with most of the population unable to read or write