APCSP QUESTIONS 8

Module 8 – Digital Information Study Guide (100 Questions)

Number Systems & Binary

1. What base is the binary number system?
   A. Base 8
   B. Base 2
   C. Base 10
   D. Base 16
   Answer: B

2. In binary, what does 1010 equal in decimal?
   A. 8
   B. 9
   C. 10
   D. 12
   Answer: C

3. What is the binary for decimal 5?
   A. 0101
   B. 101
   C. 111
   D. 1001
   Answer: B

4. Which bit has the highest value in 1001?
   A. The rightmost bit
   B. The second bit
   C. The leftmost bit
   D. All bits have equal value
   Answer: C

5. What happens when binary exceeds the maximum bit value (overflow)?
   A. It resets to zero
   B. It cannot represent larger numbers without more bits
   C. It becomes negative
   D. It switches to hexadecimal
   Answer: B

6. 1111 in binary equals:
   A. 14
   B. 15
   C. 10
   D. 12
   Answer: B

7. How many bits are in a nibble?
   A. 2
   B. 4
   C. 8
   D. 16
   Answer: B

8. Binary is used in computers because:
   A. It is easiest for humans
   B. It uses letters
   C. It reflects on/off states of hardware
   D. It is decimal based
   Answer: C

9. In binary addition, 1 + 1 equals:
   A. 0
   B. 10
   C. 11
   D. 2 (decimal)
   Answer: B

10. A byte contains:
    A. 4 bits
    B. 8 bits
    C. 16 bits
    D. 32 bits
    Answer: B

Encoding Text with Binary

11. ASCII is used to encode:
    A. Images
    B. Text characters
    C. Colors
    D. Audio
    Answer: B

12. How many bits are typically used in standard ASCII?
    A. 4
    B. 7
    C. 8
    D. 10
    Answer: B

13. The binary for uppercase “A” (ASCII) is:
    A. 1000001
    B. 1000001
    C. 1100001
    D. 01100001
    Answer: B

14. Encoding text into binary allows computers to:
    A. Display images
    B. Store and transmit characters
    C. Play sound
    D. Print fonts
    Answer: B

15. Morse code is an example of:
    A. Binary encoding
    B. Symbolic encoding
    C. Pixel encoding
    D. Compression
    Answer: B

16. Which binary string could represent a letter?
    A. 01000001
    B. 01000001
    C. 12AB00
    D. FF00FF
    Answer: B

17. What is the main purpose of encoding schemes?
    A. Increase size
    B. Map information to binary representations
    C. Create images
    D. Remove bits
    Answer: B

18. Which encoding deals with binary to characters?
    A. Audio encoding
    B. Text encoding
    C. Image encoding
    D. Color encoding
    Answer: B

19. If a custom encoding assigns 0001 to “A”, what could 0010 represent?
    A. Image pixel
    B. Another character
    C. White color
    D. End of file
    Answer: B

20. Encoding text to binary allows computers to:
    A. Run faster
    B. Communicate text digitally
    C. Store less data
    D. Use hexadecimal only
    Answer: B

Pixel Images

21. A pixel is:
    A. A text character
    B. A single point in an image
    C. A whole image
    D. A compression algorithm
    Answer: B

22. Images are made of:
    A. Pixels
    B. Pixels arranged in a grid
    C. Only text
    D. Hexadecimal only
    Answer: B

23. Higher resolution means:
    A. Fewer pixels
    B. Smaller image
    C. More pixels per area
    D. Lower quality
    Answer: C

24. In pixel images, color is represented by:
    A. Text
    B. Binary codes
    C. Only decimal
    D. Drawings
    Answer: B

25. Each pixel can store:
    A. Only one color
    B. Color information in bits
    C. Text
    D. Sound
    Answer: B

26. A black and white image uses:
    A. RGB
    B. 1 bit per pixel
    C. 8 bits per pixel
    D. Hexadecimal
    Answer: B

27. Pixel grids are described by:
    A. Length and width
    B. Rows and columns
    C. Bits only
    D. Hex values
    Answer: B

28. Larger images generally have:
    A. Less detail
    B. More pixels
    C. No pixels
    D. Only text
    Answer: B

29. Pixel brightness is controlled by:
    A. Bit count
    B. Numeric value of bits
    C. Ignore bits
    D. Text encoding
    Answer: B

30. Pixel representation in Python might use:
    A. Functions
    B. Lists of values
    C. Only letters
    D. No data structures
    Answer: B

Hexadecimal

31. Hexadecimal is base:
    A. 16
    B. 10
    C. 2
    D. 8
    Answer: A

32. In hex, A equals:
    A. 8
    B. 10
    C. 12
    D. 14
    Answer: B

33. The hex digit F equals:
    A. 13
    B. 14
    C. 15
    D. 16
    Answer: C

34. Hex is useful because:
    A. Smaller than binary
    B. Compact representation of binary
    C. Only letters
    D. Only numbers
    Answer: B

35. FF in hex equals:
    A. 255
    B. 255
    C. 16
    D. 31
    Answer: B

36. Hex is often used to represent:
    A. Text only
    B. Colors
    C. Audio
    D. Pixels only
    Answer: B

37. The hex value 1A equals decimal:
    A. 26
    B. 26
    C. 20
    D. 16
    Answer: B

38. Hex uses how many symbols?
    A. 10
    B. 16
    C. 8
    D. 2
    Answer: B

39. Hex digit 0x10 represents:
    A. 16
    B. 10
    C. 32
    D. 20
    Answer: A

40. Hex helps programmers read:
    A. Large binary values
    B. Only text
    C. Pixels by name
    D. Numbers in base 10
    Answer: A

Pixel Colors & RGB

41. RGB stands for:
    A. Red Green Blue
    B. Red Green Blue
    C. Random Gray Black
    D. Readable Graphic Bits
    Answer: B

42. In RGB, white is:
    A. (0,0,0)
    B. (255,0,0)
    C. (0,255,0)
    D. (255,255,255)
    Answer: D

43. Black in RGB is:
    A. (255,255,255)
    B. (0,0,0)
    C. (128,128,128)
    D. (1,1,1)
    Answer: B

44. A pixel color in Python might be stored as:
    A. Single number
    B. Tuple of RGB values
    C. String
    D. Hex only
    Answer: B

45. Increasing the red value makes a pixel:
    A. More green
    B. More blue
    C. Redder
    D. Grayscale
    Answer: C

46. RGB values range from:
    A. 0–100
    B. 0–255
    C. 1–10
    D. 100–200
    Answer: B

47. RGB is a way to represent:
    A. Only binary
    B. Color intensity
    C. Pixel size
    D. Text
    Answer: B

48. Hex colors e.g. #FF0000 represent:
    A. Green
    B. Red
    C. Blue
    D. White
    Answer: B

49. Converting RGB to hex increases:
    A. File size
    B. Readability
    C. Speed only
    D. Noise
    Answer: B

50. Python functions for images might use:
    A. RGB tuples
    B. Hex strings
    C. Lists
    D. All of the above
    Answer: D

Image Manipulation

51. Image manipulation changes:
    A. Code only
    B. Pixel values
    C. Colors randomly
    D. None
    Answer: B

52. Brightness adjustment typically:
    A. Changes text
    B. Alters RGB values
    C. Removes pixels
    D. Adds colors
    Answer: B

53. A filter can:
    A. Modify image appearance
    B. Delete image
    C. Add sound
    D. Change text
    Answer: A

54. To flip an image horizontally, you change:
    A. Pixel order
    B. Pixel positions
    C. Only colors
    D. File name
    Answer: B

55. In Python, an image might be represented as:
    A. Integer
    B. List of lists of pixel data
    C. String
    D. Hex only
    Answer: B

56. Pixel manipulation often requires:
    A. Loops
    B. Nested loops
    C. Only functions
    D. Input only
    Answer: B

57. A grayscale filter typically:
    A. Adds color
    B. Averages RGB values
    C. Randomizes pixels
    D. Removes bits
    Answer: B

58. Increasing contrast changes:
    A. Pixel positions
    B. Difference between high and low values
    C. Text
    D. File size only
    Answer: B

59. Cropping an image removes:
    A. Colors
    B. Pixels outside a region
    C. Bits
    D. Text
    Answer: B

60. Image manipulation programs often use:
    A. Conditional logic
    B. Loops and functions
    C. Only variables
    D. No loops
    Answer: B

Data Compression

61. Data compression:
    A. Reduces file size
    B. Increases data
    C. Removes pixels only
    D. Adds noise
    Answer: A

62. Lossless compression:
    A. Loses data
    B. Retains all original data
    C. Removes colors
    D. Only works on text
    Answer: B

63. Lossy compression:
    A. No data lost
    B. Some data is lost to reduce size
    C. Increases size
    D. Only for binary
    Answer: B

64. An example of compression is:
    A. Scaling
    B. Removing repeated patterns
    C. Text encoding only
    D. RGB conversion
    Answer: B

65. Compression is useful because it:
    A. Slows loading
    B. Saves storage and bandwidth
    C. Removes color
    D. Adds files
    Answer: B

66. A zip file uses:
    A. Lossy only
    B. Lossless compression
    C. Hex only
    D. Binary removal
    Answer: B

67. In images, JPEG uses:
    A. Lossless
    B. Lossy
    C. None
    D. Only binary
    Answer: B

68. PNG uses:
    A. Lossy
    B. Lossless
    C. No compression
    D. Hex only
    Answer: B

69. Smaller file size often means:
    A. Better quality
    B. Less detail (in lossy)
    C. More bits
    D. Slower transfer
    Answer: B

70. Compression can:
    A. Be reversible or irreversible
    B. Only compress binary
    C. Add errors always
    D. None
    Answer: A

Cryptography

71. Cryptography is the study of:
    A. Securing information
    B. Only binary
    C. Images
    D. RGB colors
    Answer: A

72. Encryption means:
    A. Encoding data to hide meaning
    B. Making text larger
    C. Removing bits
    D. Compressing images
    Answer: A

73. Decryption is:
    A. Compressing data
    B. Reversing encryption
    C. Pixel editing
    D. Binary to hex
    Answer: B

74. A key in cryptography is used to:
    A. Open files
    B. Encrypt/decrypt data
    C. Color images
    D. Encode text only
    Answer: B

75. Caesar cipher is:
    A. Modern encryption
    B. Simple substitution cipher
    C. Lossless compression
    D. Pixel filter
    Answer: B

76. Cryptography helps with:
    A. Privacy and security
    B. Image quality
    C. Pixel values
    D. Binary only
    Answer: A

77. Strong keys are:
    A. Short
    B. Hard to guess
    C. Easy
    D. Never used
    Answer: B

78. Cryptography in Python might use:
    A. Loops only
    B. Algorithms for substitution
    C. Colors
    D. None
    Answer: B

79. Encryption makes data:
    A. Easier to read
    B. Harder to understand without key
    C. Bigger only
    D. Immutable
    Answer: B

80. Public key cryptography uses:
    A. One key
    B. Two keys (public/private)
    C. No keys
    D. Binary only
    Answer: B

Mixed Concept Questions

81. Digital information refers to:
    A. Data represented as bits
    B. Analog signals
    C. RGB only
    D. Text only
    Answer: A

82. A binary encoding scheme maps:
    A. Pixels to colors
    B. Information to bit patterns
    C. Hex to decimal
    D. None
    Answer: B

83. Color depth refers to:
    A. Bits used per pixel
    B. File size
    C. Only compression
    D. Only encryption
    Answer: A

84. ASCII encodes:
    A. Only numbers
    B. Letters and symbols
    C. Images
    D. Colors
    Answer: B

85. Image resolution affects:
    A. Binary only
    B. Picture clarity
    C. Encryption strength
    D. None
    Answer: B

86. Hexadecimal is often preceded by:
    A. #
    B. 0x
    C. Both A and B
    D. $
    Answer: C

87. Increasing compression ratio:
    A. Reduces file size more
    B. Increases size
    C. Changes pixels
    D. No effect
    Answer: A

88. Lossy compression is acceptable for:
    A. Images and audio
    B. Text files
    C. Executables
    D. All data
    Answer: A

89. Cryptography protects data from:
    A. Unauthorized access
    B. Color distortion
    C. Compression errors
    D. None
    Answer: A

90. Pixel manipulation might involve:
    A. Changing RGB values
    B. Removing bits randomly
    C. Hex always
    D. Only text
    Answer: A

Advanced Integration

91. Which is a form of lossless compression?
    A. JPEG
    B. ZIP
    C. MP3
    D. MPEG
    Answer: B

92. Which encoding maps letters to numeric codes?
    A. RGB
    B. ASCII
    C. Hex
    D. None
    Answer: B

93. In hex, 2F equals decimal:
    A. 47
    B. 47
    C. 31
    D. 63
    Answer: B

94. When encrypting text, a cipher changes:
    A. Pixels
    B. Characters
    C. Compression
    D. RGB values
    Answer: B

95. A pixel’s color stored as (0,128,255) means:
    A. No color
    B. RGB values
    C. Hex only
    D. Binary only
    Answer: B

96. Digital images use bits to represent:
    A. Sound
    B. Pixel color and brightness
    C. Text only
    D. Hex only
    Answer: B

97. Binary to hex conversion:
    A. Decreases readability
    B. Makes binary easier to read
    C. Removes bits
    D. Encrypts data
    Answer: B

98. A substitution cipher:
    A. Compresses data
    B. Replaces characters systematically
    C. Converts to binary
    D. Changes pixel values
    Answer: B

99. Pixel images are stored as:
    A. Text only
    B. Arrays/lists of pixel data
    C. Hex only
    D. Encryption keys
    Answer: B

100. Digital information includes:
     A. Text
     B. Images
     C. Colors
     D. All of the above
     Answer: D