Countries of South America

Argentina:

Argentina:

Population = 47 million

Capital - Buenos Aires

Gained independence from Spain in 1816

Claims the Falkland Islands but they are a UK territory (Conflict)

Falkland Islands, Iguazu Falls, & Tierra de Fuego (Land of 5)

Argentina means made of silver

Covered by the Andes Mountains

23 provinces/states

similar government structure as the US

Patagonia is part of Argentina


Bolivia:

Population = 12 million

Capital - La Paz

Gained independence from Spain in 1825

Changes from snow-capped mountains to the Amazon basin

Salar de Uyuni, Lake Titicaca, the Altiplano

Named after Simon Bolivar

Very mountainous and cold

Strong mining and gas because of the Andes Mountains

Salt flats are dried up lakes

Lake Titicaca - world's highest lake/12,507 feet above sea level


Brazil:

Population = 213 million

Capital - Brasilia

Gained independence from Portugal in 1822

Major exporter of agricultural good, minerals, and manufactured goods

Brazilian Amazon Rainforest, the Pantanal (wetlands)

Largest population and area

Main language is Portuguese

Love soccer

Dominated by the Amazon Rainforest

Lots of beaches

Lots of beef

Brazilian Rainforest has lots of flora and fauna


Chile:

Population = 19 million

Capital - Santiago

Gained independence from Spain in 1818

World's longest country with 4000 of Pacific Coast

Atacama Desert (driest desert), Easter Island, Villarrica Volcano

1-3 cm of rainfall


Colombia:

Population = 50 million

Capital - Bogota

Gained independence from Spain in 1819

Andes Mountains divide the country into 3 regions: Coastal Caribbean, Pacific and Insular areas, & Amazon and Andean Regions

Tatacoa Desert, Chicamacha Canyon, Colombian Coffee Plantation

Dry tropical forest

2nd largest canyon in the world


Ecuador:

Population = 17 million

Capital - Quito

Gained independence from Spain in 1822 & Gran Colombia in 1830

Andes Mountains run through its center & incredible biodiversity

Spanish language

US dollar as currency

Most biologically diverse

Galapagos Islands, Avenue of the Volcanoes

Turtles live very long there

Volcanoes are part of the Ring of Fire

Named from active volcanoes


Guyana:

Population = 800,000 people

Capital - Georgetown

Gained independence from Great Britain in 1966

Covered with dense rainforests

Mount Roraima, Kaieteur Falls (one of the tallest)

Many mountains


Paraguay:

Population = 7 million

Capital - Asuncion

Gained independence from Spain in 1811

Landlocked (not near water) with the Paraguay River running through it

Economy relies on exporting hydroelectric power, soybeans, and cattle