Brain Lobes

Left and Right hemisphers(Seperated by longitudal fissure)

• Lefts controls the RIGHT side of body

• Right controls the LEFT side of body

The 4 Lobes

1. Frontal lobe

   1. Motor control

   2. Working memory, executive function, decision making, weighing consequences

2. temporal lobe

   1. Auditory function

   2. Face recognition

3. parietal lobe

   1. spatial processing

   2. Mathematical calculation

   3. Touch

4. occipital lobe

   1. Vision

The central sulcus divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

The Sylvia fissure divides the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes

White matter appears “white”—made up of axons

Gray matter appears “grey”—consists of cell bodies and synaptic connections

Anatomical Orienting Terms

• Rostral(rostrum=beak/snout)

• Caudal(cauda=tail

• Dorsal=upper side or back

• Ventral=under side or abdomen

• Lateral=to the side

• Medial=middle of toward the middle

planes or views of the 3d brain

Limbic system—emotion

• important structures:

  • cingulate cortex,

  • hypothalamus,

  • hippocampus,

  • amygdala

Insula(the “5th lobe”)

• Interception-physiological sense of ones own body

• craving

• pain

• taste

Pituitary gland

• Endocrine gland: “master gland”

• Releases hormones

  • growth hormone

  • thyroid stimulating hormone

  • follicle stimulating hormone

  • luteinizing hormone

  • adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stress!

  • vasopressin

  • Oxytocin

Hypothalamus

• plays a major role in homeostatic controls

  • fighting, fleeing, feeding, and mating

  • regulates 24-hour rhythms)circadian rhythm)

  • thirst, hunger, sleep

  • helps regulate hormonal release(via connections to teh pituitary gland)—also involved in the stresss response

Hippocampus

• important for learning and memory

• regulation of the stess response

Amygdala

• fear(threat detection)

• processes emontional learning

Cerebellum(”little brain”)

• coordinated movement and motor learning