Untitled Flashcards Set

-The Four Properties of sound: Timbre, Pitch, Volume, Duration. Identify Italian terms for dynamics

and tempo markings, including the indications for gradual changes in both areas

-All instruments of the orchestra as well as keyboard instruments. Be able to identify them and put

them in the proper family.

-Defining parts of the Musical Score: Clef, Key Signature, Time Signature, Measure. Also, definitions

of melody and harmony.

-Define the different types of musical texture and basic types of musical form.

MIDDLE AGES (450 - 1450)

-Define Estampie, Gregorian Chant, and Drone. Also know the difference between Sacred and Secular

Music

-Know that churches were the centers of musical life.

-Define the term organum and its impact on Sacred Music

-Define the era of the Ars Nova and what it allowed composers to do.

-Know who Guillaume De Machaut is and why his Notre Dame Mass was so important

Important pieces of music:

1. Anon: “Alleluia vidimus stellam” (Early Middle Ages Gregorian Chant)

2. Hildegard of Bingen: “O Successores” (Late Middle Ages Gregorian Chant)

3. Guillaume de Machaut: “Kyrie from Notre Dame Mass” (Late Middle Ages Mass)

RENAISSANCE (1450 – 1600)

-Define Word Painting, Motet, Madrigal

-Be able to identify the Lute as an important string instrument of this period

-Know who Palestrina was and how he impacted Sacred Music (Council of Trent, etc.)

Important pieces of music:

1. Giovanni Perluigi de Palestrina: “Kyrie from Pope Marcellus Mass” (Renaissance Mass)

2. Thomas Weelkes: “As Vesta was Descending” (Renaissance Madrigal)

3. John Dowland: “Flow My Tears” (Renaissance Lute Song)

BAROQUE (1600 – 1750)

-Define Terraced Dynamics, Fugue, Basso Continuo.

-Know the difference between all the musical genres: Oratorio, Solo Concerto, Concerto Grosso,

Opera, Sonata, Suite.

-Give a good general definition of opera and the common piece types that exist.

-Know about J.S. Bach, George Handel, and Antonio Vivaldi (including the year they died)

Important pieces of music:

1. Johann Sebastian Bach: “Little Fugue in g minor” (Baroque Fugue)

2. Antonio Vivaldi: “La Primavera from The Four Seasons” (Baroque Solo Concerto)

3. Henry Purcell: “Dido and Aeneas (excerpts from class)” (Baroque Opera)

4. George Handel: “Excerpts from The Messiah” (Baroque Oratorio)

CLASSICAL (1750 – 1820)

-Define the forms and their basic outlines. Sonata, Rondo, Minuet and Trio, and Theme and

Variations.

-The big three: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. When they lived and died, where they were born, and also

where and how they worked.

Important pieces of music:

1. Joseph Haydn “Symphony #94 ‘Surprise’” (Classical Symphony Theme and Variations)

2. Ludwig van Beethoven: “Symphony #5” (Classical Symphony)

3. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: “Don Giovanni” and “The Magic Flute” (Classical Period Opera)

ROMANTIC (1820 – 1900)

-Definition of Art Song and know the difference between all the different types/settings.

-Define Nationalism, Exoticism, and Program Music. Give examples of specific pieces of music that

were great examples of these concepts/genres, including who composed the work.

-Define the terms leitmotif and Idee Fixe. Again, be able to tie in a composer and a piece to these

terms.

Important pieces of music:

1. Franz Schubert: “Erlkonig, or The Earlking” (Romantic Art Song)

2. Felix Mendelssohn: “Violin Concerto in e minor” (Romantic Concerto)

3. Hector Berlioz: “Symphonie Fantastique” (Romantic Program Symphony)

20th Century (1900 - )

-Define Neoclassicism, Impressionism, Chance Music, Twelve-Tone, Minimalism. Give examples of

specific pieces of music that were great examples of these concepts/genres, including the composer

of those works.

-Explain how the terms Experimental and New Tone Color fit into 20th Century compositions.

-Identify composers who lived in Soviet Union during Stalin era and composers that left to go

elsewhere (also applies to Nazi Germany)

-Identify Great American Born Composers (Aaron Copeland, George Gershwin, etc.) and the piece

that was their listening example.

-Know who John Williams is and his impact on movie music.

Important pieces of music:

1. Claude Debussy: “Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun” (20th Century Tone Poem)

2. Igor Stravinsky: “The Rite of Spring” (20th Century Primitivism)

3. Arnold Schoenberg: “A Survivor from Warsaw” (20th Century 12 Tone Cantata)

4. Aaron Copeland: “Appalachian Spring” (20th Century Ballet)