ch 9
Charismatic Leaders
Definition: Leaders who inspire extraordinary performance by followers by articulating a vision that challenges the status quo.
Example: A leader who motivates a team with their vision and energy, leading to high performance.
Coercive Power
Definition: Power derived from the ability to punish or control others through fear or threats.
Example: A manager who threatens employees with demotion if they do not meet performance targets.
Consideration
Definition: A leadership behavior that shows concern for subordinates' well-being and needs.
Example: A manager offering support and encouragement to employees struggling with personal issues.
Contingency Models of Leadership
Definition: Models that suggest a leader's effectiveness depends on the situation and context.
Example: Fiedler's contingency model, which states that leadership style must match the situation.
Developmental Consideration
Definition: A leadership behavior where the leader shows concern for the personal development of employees.
Example: A manager offering training opportunities to help employees grow in their careers.
Discretionary Leadership
Definition: Leadership style in which the leader has flexibility and autonomy to make decisions based on the situation.
Example: A leader adapting their approach based on the needs of a specific project.
Emotional Intelligence
Definition: The ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s own emotions and the emotions of others.
Example: A manager who handles conflicts in a team with empathy and understanding.
Expert Power
Definition: Power that comes from a leader's expertise, skills, or knowledge in a particular area.
Example: A manager who is highly skilled in data analysis and uses their expertise to guide decisions.
Glass Ceiling
Definition: A barrier that prevents women and minorities from rising to the highest ranks in organizations.
Example: A woman with exceptional skills but consistently overlooked for senior leadership roles.
Initiating Structure
Definition: A leadership behavior where the leader organizes and defines roles and tasks to achieve organizational goals.
Example: A manager who sets clear guidelines for a team to follow in order to complete a project.
Intellectual Stimulation
Definition: A leadership behavior that encourages employees to think critically and explore new ways of doing things.
Example: A leader who challenges employees to come up with innovative solutions to problems.
Leader
Definition: A person who influences others to achieve organizational goals through inspiration and motivation.
Example: A CEO who motivates the company toward achieving high performance.
Leader–Member Relations
Definition: The quality of the relationship between a leader and their subordinates, affecting the leader’s influence.
Example: A leader who has a good rapport with their team, leading to trust and cooperation.
Leader Substitute
Definition: A situation where subordinates perform effectively without the need for direct leadership influence.
Example: A team of highly skilled professionals working autonomously without much supervision.
Leadership
Definition: The process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals.
Example: A team leader inspiring a group to complete a complex project on time.
Legitimate Power
Definition: Power derived from a leader’s formal position or role within the organization.
Example: A manager having the authority to make decisions about employee promotions.
Path-Goal Theory
Definition: A theory that suggests leaders motivate their subordinates by clarifying the paths to goal attainment.
Example: A manager providing clear directions and rewards to motivate employees to reach their goals.
Personal Leadership Style
Definition: The unique way in which a leader influences and interacts with others based on their traits and behaviors.
Example: A leader who uses a coaching style to mentor employees on career development.
Position Power
Definition: Power derived from the position or role a person holds within the organization.
Example: A senior manager having the power to approve budgets due to their role.
Referent Power
Definition: Power based on the personal characteristics and the respect or admiration others have for a leader.
Example: A leader admired by their team for their integrity and wisdom.
Relationship-Oriented Leaders
Definition: Leaders who focus on building relationships and supporting their subordinates’ needs.
Example: A leader who focuses on team-building and creating a supportive work environment.
Reward Power
Definition: Power based on the ability to grant rewards such as promotions, raises, or other benefits.
Example: A leader offering bonuses for employees who exceed performance targets.
Servant Leader
Definition: A leader who prioritizes the needs of their subordinates and helps them develop and perform.
Example: A manager who focuses on mentoring employees and ensuring their personal well-being.
Task-Oriented Leaders
Definition: Leaders who focus on achieving goals and objectives, emphasizing productivity and efficiency.
Example: A leader who sets clear tasks and deadlines to ensure work is completed on time.
Task Structure
Definition: The extent to which tasks are clearly defined and have established procedures.
Example: A well-defined project plan with specific deadlines and tasks for team members.
Transactional Leadership
Definition: Leadership focused on maintaining routine and rewarding or punishing employees based on performance.
Example: A manager rewarding employees who meet targets and reprimanding those who fail to do so.
Transformational Leadership
Definition: Leadership that inspires employees to achieve extraordinary outcomes and motivates them to exceed expectations.
Example: A leader who motivates employees to innovate and achieve beyond their goals.