Paper chromatography

• 1. Using a pencil, draw a line onto the bottom of a piece of paper - this is your baseline

• 2. Add sample of ink (which supposedly contains many different samples in one) onto the baseline

• 3. Fill a beaker with a shallow amount of solvent (e.g., water or ethanol)

• 4. Place filter paper into the solvent making sure not to submerge your baseline containing the spot of ink

• 5. Place a lid on top to stop the solvent from evaporating

• 6. Wait for solvent to seep up the paper as different dyes that make up the ink dissolve into the solvent, moving up with it, whilst all insoluble substances will stay at the baseline

• 7. Each dye should travel up the paper at different rates, telling us each one is a different substance

• 8. Remove the paper from the solvent and leave it to dry until you are left with s clear chromatogram.

Flame test

• 1. Sterilise a platinum wire loop by dipping in some dilute HCL then running under distilled water before gently heating it over a Bunsen Burner flame

• 2. Dip the wire loop into the compound you want to test

• 3. Hold the wire loop into the clear blue section of the flame

• 4. See what colour the flame turns as the compound burns