BIOL111 Plant structure

Indeterminate growth grows throughout its lifetime.

Apical meristems are regions of cell division at the tip of plants stems and roots.

Parenchyma cells become dermal tissues, vascular tissues, and ground tissues.

cotyledons serve as an energy source for germination of seed.

dicot seeds have 2 cotyledon while monocot seeds have 1 cotyledon.

parenchyma cells are alive at maturity and have thin primary cell walls.

collenchyma cells are unevenly thickened and support soft or growing stems.

sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity and offer support or structure.

dermal tissue systems form the outer protective covering of plants. dermal tissues are protected by a cuticle that helps reduce evaporation of water from the plant surface. stomata are openings in the epidermis and cuticle that allow gases in and out of plant. these opening are controlled by guard cells that open or close the stomata in response to conditions like light or water loss.

Vascular tissues are tissue responsible for internal transport in plants. the two types of vascular tissues are xylem and phloem. xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from roots to leaves. phloem transports sugars that are produced in photosynthesis to the rest of the plant for storage.