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AP Spanish Literature and Culture Study Guides
Unit 1: La época medieval
Unit 2: El siglo XVI
Unit 3: El siglo XVII
Unit 4: La literatura romántica, realista y naturalista
Unit 5: La Generación del 98 y el Modernismo
Unit 6: Teatro y poesía del siglo XX
Unit 7: El Boom latinoamericano
Unit 8: Escritores contemporáneos de Estados Unidos y España
Studying for another AP Exam?
Check out our other AP study guides
C2 P1 T3
- calamitoso - disastrous
- adverso - adverse
- menguado - diminished/ decreased in numbers
- incumbencia - responsibility
- negligencia - negligence
- ineptitud - incompetence
- rampa - ramp
- ladera - hillside/ mountainside
- pendiente - slope
- derramar - to spill
- rebasar - to pass the limit
- colmar - to fill to the brim
- conturbar - to perturb
- recodo - bend
- viraje - vehicular turn
- enfilar - to make one's way
- encauzar - to channel
- enderezar - to straighten
- abalanzarse - to rush/ surge
- embestir - to charge
- pamplina - sweet talk
- aspaviento - fuss
- encarar - to approach/ to fit together
- soslayar - to dodge/ avoid
- succionar - to suck up
- hastiar - to weary
- halagar - to praise
- agasajar - to honour/ trato cariñoso y expresivo
- tantear - to feel/ consider
- cavilar - to ponder
- indagar - to investigate
- azar - chance
- sino - fate/ destiny
- riesgo - risk
- hecho - fact
- acto - act
- ademán - gesture
- cobertura - cover
- portada - cover
- encuadernación - binding
- turbio - blurred/ confused
- desatinado - foolish/ sin juicio
- recóndito - isolated/ hidden
- ejemplar - exemplary
- tomo - volume
- umbral - threshold
- mirador - viewpoint
- alféizar - sill
- aparador - shop window
- anaquel - shelf
- pliego - sheet
- folio- sheet
- legajo - files
- de soslayo - from the corner of the eye
- de un tirón - in one go
- de hito en hito - gaze/ stare
- congoja - anguish
- condolencia - condolence (dolor ajeno)
- osadía - audacity/ atrevimiento
- hemiciclo - chamber/ floor
- tendido - building/ laying
- banquillo - bench (sports)
- escaño - seat (politics)
- palco - royal/ president's box
- maltrecho - in a bad way
- ahíto - sated (food)
- atestado - packed/ crammed
- apostar - to bet/ station/ post
- amoldar - to adjust/ adapt
- ceñir - to be tight/ to encircle/ surround
- detonador - detonator
- cartucho - cartridge
- gatillo - trigger
- irrumpir - to burst in
- susurrante - whispering/ murmuring
- mullido - soft/ springy
- ingente - enormous/ huge
- apegado - stuck/ attached
- petrificado - petrified
- ufano - proud
- murmullo - murmur/ rustle
- ronroneo - purring
- cuchicheo - whispering
- ala - wing
- flanco - flank/ sidewall
- ujier - usher/ uniformed doorman
- celador - jailor
- bedel - porter
- otorgamiento - awarding/ bestowal
- proclamación - proclamation/ declaration
- investidura - investiture
- sirena - mermaid
- primogénito - firstborn
- primerizo - novice/ first-beginner
- primario - primitive/ primary
- rociado - spray/ sprinkler
- diseminada - to disperse/ scatter
- raptar - to kidnap/ abduct
- emplumar - to grow feathers
- desplumar - to pluck
- arrasar - to destroy/ devastate
- despojo - remains
- desperdicio - scrap/ waste
- atolondrado - dazed/ scatterbrained
- empachado - to get an upset stomach
- aturdido - to get confused
- arrecife - reef
- estrellarse - to smash/ crash
- derrumbarse - to demolish/ pull down
- despeñarse- to fall over a cliff
- treta - trick/ ruse
- iluso - naive
- infalible - infallible
- incólume - unscathed/ unharmed
- embrollo - tangle
- ardide - trick/ ruse
- deslice - faux pas/ slip up
- abrochar - to fasten up
- amarrar - to tie up
- enhebrar - to thread/ string
- mástil - mast
- ataúd - coffin
- hoyo - hole
- talla - sculpture
- adentrarse en - to go deep in
- asomar a - to peek
- inmiscuir en - to interfere
- boscoso - wooded
- yermo - barren/ wasteland
- frondoso - leafy
- encadenar - to chain
- desencadenar - to trigger
- cuesta - uphill
- ensamblar - to assemble
- adherir - to stick/ adhere
- entroncar - to be related/ linked/ connected to
- pañal - diaper/ nappy
- estar en la inopia - daydreaming
- umbral - threshold
- dintel - lintel
- soportal - porch
- meollo - marrow
- entraña - heart/ core
- pulimentado - polished/ refined/ perfected
- pulido - polished
- alisado - smoothing/ straightening
- neófito - neophyte/ new member
- novato - novice
- novel - novice/ beginner
- traba - catch
- maraña - tangle
- patraña - tall story full of lies
- extrañar - to miss
- tertulia - gathering/ talkshow
- parrafada - lecture/ sermon
- perorata - lecture
- amainar - to abate/ die down
- aplacar - to soothe
- desdecir - to be unworthy of/ to deny the authenticity
- emmendar - to amend/ improve
- restañar - to stanch/ heal
- mojigatería - prudishness
- infundio - false rumor/ malicious story
- estafa - fraud/ criminal deception
- desquiciado - tatters/ shreds
- descabellado - crazy/ ridiculous
- desdeñar - to scorn/ spurn
- senil - old/ advanced (age)
- agonizar - to be dying/ fade/ crumble
- denodado - tireless/ unflagging
- agotado - exhausted/ sold out
- mecer - to rock/ push
- concitar - to arouse
- impulsar - to drive/ propel
- alentar - to encourage/ cheer
- conminar - to order
- atosigar - to pester/ hassle
- apuntalar - to shore up/ brace
- socavar - to undermine
- ahondar - to make deeper/ to go in greater detail
- inusitado - unusual/ rare/ uncommon
- vedado - reserve
- pastoreo - pasture
- pasto - pasture
- acaecer - to happen
- ostensiblemente - obviously/ evidently
- desligado - loose/ unfastened
- desleído - weak
- deslindado - to demarcate/ mark the boundaries of
- bruma - mist
- restallar - to crackle/ crack
- restregar - to rub/ scrub
- berreo - bawling
- ladrido - bark
- jadeo - panting/ gasping
- agarrar - to get hold of
- erguir - to raise/ lift/ straighten
- acertar a - to manage
- vendaval - strong wind
- bochorno - sticky weather
- temporal - storm
- rumiar - to ponder/ brood upon
- engullir - to bolt down
- carcomer - to be eaten by worms/ to riddle/ to consume
- pajar - barn
- redil - fold/ enclosure
- pesebre - crib
- zarzal - bushes/ bramble
- caño - pipe
- heno - hay
- zurcir - to darn/ mend
- bordar - to embroider
- hilvanar - to put together/ tack
- ensacharse - to widen/ stretch
- dilatarse - to dilate
- aflojarse - to ease/ loosen
- fruncirse - to frown
- apretarse - to push/ squeeze/ press down
- estrecharse - to get narrower
- senda - path
- ceder - to give away/ transfer
- clamar al cielo - to cry out to heaven/ to be a cruel injustice
- hendidura - crack/ fissure
- grieta - crack
- brecha - gap/ opening
- agravante - aggravating factor
- gravedad - severity
- agrura - bitterness/ sourness
- témpano - cold fish/ ice fish
- driblar - to dribble past
- birlar - to swipe/ pinch
- librar - to fight/ save
- vedar - to prohibit/ ban
- traba - catch/ obstacle
- tira - strip/ rag
- barricada - barricade
- pléyade - pleiad
- plétina - deck/ platen
- planicie - plain
- desgreñada - disheveled
- desdeñar - scorn
- desenredar - to untangle
- preterir - to put off
- sin tregua - relentlessly
- tregua - truce
- dispar - uneven/ disparate
- escenificar - to stage a drama
- coexistir - to coexist
- acoplar - to fit together/ connect
- disolver - to annul/ dissolve
- constituir - to make up/ constitute/ represent
- ensueño - daydream/ fantasy
- liviano - lightweight
- acicalado - dressed up
- peripuesto - dressed up to the nines
- afilado - sharp
- preciado - valueable
- etiquetado - labelled
- alargar - to lengthen/ extend
- estirar - to stretch/ pull out
- como si no viniera a cuenta - as if it didn’t matter
- diáfano - crystal clear
- irse de rositas - to get away without facing consequences
- ponerse flamenca - to get excited/ passionate
- enrollado con - involved with/ wrapped up in (+ something positive/ meaningful)
- liado - tied up/ involved (busy/ overwhelmed)
- envuelto - involved in (complicated/ difficult)
- clausurar - to bring to a close
- zanjar - to settle/ resolve
- manada - herd/ pride
- oleada - wave
- bandada - flock/ swarm
- chivarse - to snitch/ inform on someone
- esgrimir - to wield/ use/ employ
- adiestrar - to train/ teach
- enderezar - to straighten/ align
- guiñar - to wink (+)
- parpadear - to blink
- pulsar el ojo - wink (-)
- tuétano - marrow
- diferir - to differ
- distinguir - to distinguish
- conceder - to give/ award/ grant
- regir - to govern
- concluir - to complete/ finish
- transmitir - to transmit/ broadcast
- inalcanzable - unattainable/ unachievable
- intuitivo - intuitive
- elocuente - eloquent/ articulate
- locuaz - talkative
- rebajar - to lower/ bring down
- otorgar - to award/ grant
- atenerse a - abide by/ comply/ obey
- recurrir - to turn to
- zarparse - to go beyond limits or boundaries/ set sail/ weigh anchor
- desembocar en - to culminate in
- arrancar - to tear off/ pluck/ extract
- encomendar - to entrust
- asentado - lies on/ deep-rooted
- abrigado - sheltered
- loable - commendable/ praiseworthy
- fosilizado - fossilized
- clamor - clamour
- resquemor - feeling of suspicion/ resentment
- reanudar - to resume
- reponer - to replace/ repay
- remediar - to repair
- ingenuo - naive/ ingenuous
- subsistir - to persist
- traspié - slip-up/ blunder
- desenfundar - to draw
- desembuchar - to come clean about it
- desencajar - to be pulled out of it’s position
- deplorar - to deplore/ regret
- remitir - to send/ transfer/ forgive
- pavonearse - to show off/ strut
- torear - to participate in bullfighting
- faena - techniques of bullfighting/ job one is responsible for
- paño - piece of cloth
- trapo - cleaning cloth
- tejido - fabric/ textile
- extraviar - to mislay/ lose/ get lost
- eclosión - hatching/ eclosion
- trozo - chunk (weight/ substantially)
- porción - portion (time/ land/ food)
- fragmento - piece/ fragment (part of whole)
- saciado - satisfied/ sated/ quenched/ fulfilled
- saneado - reorganized/ rationalised
- respeto - respect/ esteem
- respecto - regarding/ concerning
- manosear - to handle
- mentar - to mention
- menear - to shake/ fidget/ wag
- indeleble - indelible
- imberbe - beardless
- osezno - bear cub
- polluelo - young bird/ chick
- cabrito - kid/ swine
- tónica - tonic/ trend
- túnica - tunic
- trasiego - shuffling around
- dar una cabezada - to have a nap
- discurrir - to pass/ go by
- reponer - to replace/ put back
- reconducir - reroute/ restore/ reconsider
- urdimbre - warp/ intrigue
- trama - plot
- sollozo - sob
- ahínco - with determination
- brinco - jump/ leap/ bound
- solapa - flap
- manga - sleeve
- alforza - pintuck
- paliar - to ease/ alleviate
- fiar - to give credit/ trust/ secure
- piar - to chirp/ tweet
- rebosar - to brim with/ bubble over
- palpar - to palpate/ touch/ feel
- hedor - stench/ reek
- redimir - to redeem
- dirimir - to resolve/ settle
- achacar … a … - to be held responsible/ take the blame
- infracción - offence
- plantear - to set out/ create
- encaminar - to direct/ channel
- replantear - to rethink
- pugna - struggle
- tener cabida - to have room for
- letón - latvian
- lituano - lithuanian
- chipriota - cypriot
- esloveno - slovanian
- húngaro - hungarian
- estonio - estonian
- eslovaco - slovekian
- maltés - maltese
- huelga decir que - Needless to say that/ It goes without saying
- escueta - concise
- bizco - cross-eyed
- tez - complexion
- cutis - skin
- enjuto - lean
- fofo - flabby
- defunción - death
- lápida - tombstone
- linaje - descent
- primogénito - firstborn
- allegado - close
- compinche - good buddy
- talante - mood/ willingness
- asedio - siege
- potingue - cream/ lotion
- tonel - barrel
- sorbo - sip
- piscolabis - snack
- impugnar - to contest/ challenge
- faena - task/ job
- aguinaldo - pocket money
- gandul - lazybones
- cachondearse - to make fun of
- látigo - whip
- contrincante - opponent
- bulo - unfounded rumour
- misiva - missive
- migaja - breadcrumbs
- enclenque - weak/ sickly
- sepelio - burial
- perecedero - perishable
- brebaje - magic potion
- chamuscar - singe
- yacer - to lie down
- atiborrarse - to stuff oneself
- entablar - to strike up
- velar - to keep a vigil
- pellizcar - to pinch
- altibajos - ups and downs
- inteligible - intelligible
- inefable - indescribable
- cerril - wild/ stubborn
- curruscante - crusty
- sardónico - ironic
- recalcitrante - stubborn
- cerval - deer-like
- inocuo - harmless
- interpelar - to question
- disipar - to dispel
- aclarar - to clear up
- generalidad - majority
- meollo - marrow/ heart
- bagaje - cultural knowledge
- pertrecho - military gear
- empaque - imposing presence
- granjear - to earn/ win
- apropiar - to appropriate
- amoldar - to adjust
- resquicio - gap
- aguante - patience/ tolerance
- proliferar - to spread/ proliferate
- germinar - to germinate
- endeble - weak/ feeble
- desgastar - to wear out
- impulsar - to propel/ drive
- pretexto - pretext
- detonante - explosive
- retraído - retiring/ withdrawn
- sosiego - peace
- acervo - heritage
- arrebato - sudden impulse
- aflorar - to surface
- desvarío - delirium
- podar - to prune
- achacarse - attribute
- ilusorio - imaginary/ false
- mermar - to fade
- desvelar - to reveal
- asueto - time-off
- desparramar - to spill
- manido - wasted
- renegar DE - to renounce
- aprovisionar DE - to stock up with
- aferrarse A - to cling onto
- enfurruñar - to sulk
- reconfortar - to comfort
- recostarse - to lean/ lie down
- encorvado - stoop
- aferrar - to grip
- impertérrito - unmoved
- cerciorar - to make sure/ make certain/ assure oneself
- estridente - shrill/ high-pitched
- canjear - to exchange
- manojo/ fajo/ mazo - bunch/ bundle
- aciago - tragic
- prolijo - detailed
- ineluctable - inevitable
- inconmovible - unmoved
- mermar - disminuir
- desvelar - revelar
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AP Spanish Literature and Culture Study Guides
Unit 1: La época medieval
Unit 2: El siglo XVI
Unit 3: El siglo XVII
Unit 4: La literatura romántica, realista y naturalista
Unit 5: La Generación del 98 y el Modernismo
Unit 6: Teatro y poesía del siglo XX
Unit 7: El Boom latinoamericano
Unit 8: Escritores contemporáneos de Estados Unidos y España
Studying for another AP Exam?
Check out our other AP study guides