Anatomy and Physiology Notes — Transcript Summary
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy - Structure
Physiology - function
Function always reflects Structure
Structural level of organization:
atom → molecule → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism
Body Systems Overview
Integumentary - body coverings, protection, skin
Skeletal - Support, protection, bones
Muscular - Movement (Sketetal, cardiac, smooth)
Nervous - Control, brain & spinal chord
Endocrine- regulation, glands secrete hormones
Cardiovascular - transport, heart and blood vessels
Lymphatic/Immune - protection, fight pathogens
Urinary- remove wastes, kidneys + bladder
Respiratory - take in oxygen and remove CO₂
lungs
Digestive - break down food, stomach &intestines
Reproductive - produce offspring
Methods of studying Anatomy
gross anatomy - study of large body structures
cytology; histology
Microscopic anatomy - study of body's cells and tissues
Systemic anatomy - gross anatomy is studied by system
regional anatomy - all structures in a region are studied
Important Tools for Studying Anatomy
Observation
Manipulation
Mastery of anatomical terms