Social Studies Quiz 5/14/24

Suez Canal - Canal from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. Originally controlled by France and later Britain.

Suez Crisis - Israel, with British and French support, attacked Egypt after it nationalized the Suez Canal Company.

Gamal Nasser - First democratically elected president of Egypt. Instituted land reform and nationalized the Suez Canal Company

Pan-Arabism - Concept of unity of all Arab peoples.

United Arab Republic - Unity between Egypt and Syria. Not many other Arab nations joined.

Ba’ath Party - Socialist party in Syria that wanted to unite all Arab nations.

Al-Fatah - Guerilla movement started by PLO dissidents that conducted terrorist attacks on Israel.

Yasir Arafat - Leader of Al-Fatah.

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) - Umbrella term for all groups serving Palestinian Arabs. Wanted a secular state for Jews, Muslims, and Christians.

Knesset - Israeli parliament. 

David Ben-Gurion - Israel’s first prime minister.

Six Day War - Started when Egypt blockaded the Gulf of Aqaba. Israel launched attacks against several of its neighbors, taking the Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights, and the West Bank.

Anwar Saddat - Nasser’s successor as president of Egypt. More pragmatic and favored free trade.

Camp David Accord - Led by Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat, and Menachem Begin at Camp David in 1979. Israel agreed to leave the Sinai Peninsula while Arab nations would recognize Israel.

Jimmy Carter - U.S. president that led the Camp David Accord.

Menachem Begin - Israeli prime minister who negotiated the Camp David Accord.

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) - Organization of many Arab nations headed by Iraq.