Binary & Hexadecimals

Transistors & diodes— tiny switches that are on or off

• all computer programs and data that they store have to be converted to binary

Denary—BASE 10, 10 digits(0-9)

Binary—BASE 2, 2 digits(0-1)

• a single digit is a bit

• 2 bits is a crumb

• 4 bits is a nibble

• 8 bits is a byte

Converting Binary to Denary

• 1 is on, 0 is off.

Converting Denary to Binary

e.g. number 146

1. minus the values that are available to the number.

2. if deductible, add 1 value, if not, add 0 value.

146 - 128 - 16 - 2 = 10010010

NOTE: these values cannot exceed 255

Hexadecimals- BASE 16(16 digits)

• each hex digit is 4-bits, meaning 8 bit binary numbers can be written using only two different hex-digits.

  

Hexadecimals to Binary

e.g. 32

3 = 0011

2= 0010

binary = 0011 0010

to convert from hexadecimals to denary, convert to binary.

1 bit

1 byte = 8 bits

1 nibble = 4 bits

1 crumb = 2 bits