Bourbon monarchs, bourbon rulers of France

Henry IV (1584-1610): King during France’s war against the Catholic League. After a mistake made by the Catholic League, HIV pronounces he’s Catholic to end the war. The people of France dislike him for not being committed to Catholicism or the Protestants. Creates the Edict of Nantes stating: that Protestants in France could worship at home, hold religious services, have schools in small towns, and have some fortified towns, but Paris must not be Protestant.

Louis XIII (1610-43): Became king when he was 8. His mother was the regent; Louis XIII killed his mother at the age of 18. Cardinal Richelieu became the new regent and broke France into 32 districts; each district was ruled by its own intendent.

Louis XIV (1643-1715): Takes control over France at the age of 22. The absolute ruler believed he was put on the throne by God (Divine Right). France revolved solely around Louis XIV, and built the kingdom of Versailles. Dropped taxes against nobility, and sold titles to make more money.

Philippe II, Regent (1715-23): Regent to nephew Louis XV. Opposed many of Louis XIV’s previous rulings. He was against censorship and ordered the reprinting of many books. Formed an alliance with England, Austria, and the Netherlands, and fought a successful war against Spain.

Louis XV (1715-74): Became ruling King at the age of 14. Ruled during the Seven Years’ War. Tried to solve the financial crisis created by Louis XIV (great-grandfather), but failed. Had a strong love for women which shook France’s faith in the monarchy. Lost in Seven Years was a huge embarrassment/burden for France. Great Grandson of Louis XIV.

Louis XVI (1775-1792): Ruled during French Revolution. Created the Estates General- 1% of France’s clergy. Didn’t call the Estates General to order for 13 years after becoming King. The people of France hated him for not obliging to the attempted social, political, or economic reforms during the war. Tried to flee from Paris to save himself and his family. After returning to France he was put on house arrest and tried for treason by the National Convention. Louis XVI was eventually put to death in 1793 by a vote from the government.

Louis XVII (1793-95): Became King after his father Louis XVI was executed. He became King at a very young age, and was very ill during his reign. Louis XVII died at the age of 10 from tuberculosis, and had very little impact on France during his reign. Son of Louis XVI.

Louis XVIII (1795-1824): Became King after Napoleon’s downfall. After hearing of Napoleon’s return he fled France, but returned after Napoleon’s short 100-day rule. No significant rulings were brought to France during his reign. Brother of Louis XVI.