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computed tomography (CT) scans
scans using thousands of tiny beams of X-rays which are passed through an area of the body such as the head to produce an image of the brain
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
scans produced using magnetic fields and radio waves to image the soft tissues; they produce images showing much finer detail than CT scans
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans
scans which monitor the uptake of oxygen in different brain areas, making it possible to watch the different areas of the brain in action while people conduct different tasks
positive emission tomography (PET) scans
scans produced by detecting the radiation given off by a radiotracer injected into a patient; computer analysis shows areas in which the radiotracer builds up, so detailed three-dimensional images of the inside of the body, including the brain, are formed
radiotracer
any radioactive isotope introduced into the body to study metabolic processes
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