Chem test

  1. What are the different forms (types)/Gamma, X-Ray, UV, Visible, Micro, and Radio waves.
  2. Wavelength/the distance between corresponding parts of a wave.
  3. Frequency/The number of waves produced per second.
  4. What is the relationship between the wavelength and the frequency/They are inversely proportional.
  5. What is a photon/A particle of light or a bundle of light energy
  6. What is the relationship between the energy of the photon and its frequency/A direct relationship.
  7. Why did Rutherford’s model fail?/Rutherford theorized that atoms should continuously emit light as electrons orbits the nucleus. Rutherford theorized that the electron should collapse into the nucleus. Neither or these two things are observed to happen
  8. How did Bohr’s model fix these problems?/The electron would not lose energy as it orbits the nucleus.
  9. Promotion/When the electron moves from a lower orbit to a higher one(requires more energy)
    1. Excited state/any orbit higher than the lowest available orbit
    2. Relaxation/When the electron moves from a higher orbit to a lower orbit(releases energy).
    3. Ground State/The lowest available orbit for an electron
    4. What happens in an atom when the atom absorbs energy?/The electron relaxes to a higher orbit.
    5. What happens in an atom when the atom releases energy?/The electron is promoted to a lower orbit.
    6. In what form is the energy that the atom releases?/As a photon of electromagnetic radiation.
    7. What is the difference between an atomic spectrum and a line spectrum?/A continuous spectrum shows every wavelength and a line spectrum shows only specific wavelengths.
    8. How do the line spectrums of different elements compare?/Each element has its own unique line spectrum.
    9. How are line spectrums used to determine the composition of stars and the atmosphere’s of planets?/ If the line spectrum of a planet's atmosphere has the same pattern of lines as a specific element, than that element is assumed to be part of the plants atmosphere
    10. How do line spectrums show that stars and planets are moving away from the Earth?/If the pattern of lines for a specific element is present for a particular planet or star but the pattern has shifted slightly towards the red end of the spectrum, this is called the red shift and indicates that the object is moving away from Earth.
    11. Why did Bohr’s model fail?/It cannot accurately predict the location of spectral lines for another element.
    12. Describe the wave mechanical model./he nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud that represents the area around the nucleus where the electron can be found.
    13. What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?/You cant know where an electron is going and where it is at the same time.
    14. Principle energy level/size of cloud
    15. Sublevel/shape of cloud
    16. Orbital/orientation of cloud
    17. Aufbau principle/electrons must be placed into the lowest energy level first.
    18. Pauli’s Exclusion principle/no two electrons in an orbital can have the same spin
    19. Hund’s rule/no orbital in a sublevel can receive its 2nd electron prior to all orbitals receiving their 1st electron.