WW1
Who created the system of alliances- the person, not the country?
Otto Van Bismarck
Which countries are in the Allied Powers?
France, Russia, England, Japan( highlighted also known as the triple entrente)
Which Countries are in the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria, Italy, Ottoman Empire(highlighted also known as the triple alliance)
What is Militarism?
a political and social ideology that calls for a state to maintain a strong military capability, glorify military virtues
What is Nationalism?
a group of people sharing a common culture, language, history, or ethnicity should govern itself and be independent of outside interference
What is Pan-Slavism?
political and cultural unity of Slavic peoples who were under another power
Which organization planned the assassination of the Archduke of Austria?
The Black Hand
Why did France want to enter the war before Germany even mobilized their armies?
france was afraid that Germany would gain a strategic advantage and threaten French sovereignty if they delayed in mobilizing their forces
What was Schlieffen Plan?
The Schlieffen Plan was Germany's military strategy during World War I that aimed to quickly defeat France by invading through Belgium
Who were the leaders of Austria and Germany; why did Austria go to war?
Austria's leader was Emperor Franz Joseph I, while Germany was led by Kaiser Wilhelm II. Austria declared war on Serbia following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What year did the war begin?
1914
How did the stalemate on the Western Front occur?
entrenched defensive positions, the failure of the Schlieffen Plan, and the introduction of new weaponry that favored defensive tactics.
Which country on the Western Front saw the most action?
France
Which country suffered more losses than any other in the war?
Germany casualties due to prolonged battles and the relentless nature of the conflict
What made the Schlieffen Plan irrelevant?
The entry of other nations into the war, particularly the United Kingdom and Russia, along with the resilience of the French forces, rendered the Schlieffen Plan ineffective.
Be able to explain how trenches and no man’s land were set up.
The trenches were constructed in a zigzag pattern to minimize the effects of enemy fire, providing soldiers with protection while maintaining a defensive stance against attacks. No man's land, the territory between opposing trenches, became a treacherous zone filled with barbed wire, craters, and obstacles, which made crossing it perilous for advancing troops.
What is in the front of the trench, to the rear, etc.?
In the front of the trench, soldiers often faced a series of protective barriers and lookout posts for monitoring enemy movements. The area immediately behind was typically used for ammunition storage and the treatment of casualties. Further back, command posts were established to facilitate communication and strategizing, while living quarters for the troops were usually located even further behind to keep them sheltered from the front-line dangers.
Name at least three mental and/or physical that afflicted soldiers on the front.
Shell Shock: A psychological condition stemming from prolonged exposure to the stresses of combat, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, nightmares, and emotional instability.
Trench Foot: A painful condition caused by prolonged exposure to damp, cold conditions leading to tissue damage in the feet.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing traumatic events, characterized by flashbacks, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event.
Be able to explain at least 3 different types of weapons that were used on a mass scale for the
first time in WWI.
Machine Guns: Capable of firing hundreds of rounds per minute, these weapons changed the dynamics of battle, allowing for heavy suppression of enemy troops and making traditional infantry charges nearly impossible.
Poison Gas: A terrifying innovation, gas such as chlorine and mustard gas was deployed to unsettle troops, causing not only physical harm but also psychological terror among soldiers.
Tanks: The introduction of armored tanks provided a means to cross difficult terrain and break through enemy lines, despite their initial limitations in speed and mechanical reliability.
What were 2 causes for the US entering the war?
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare: Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917, which led to the sinking of American merchant ships, provoked public outrage and pushed the US government towards war.
The Zimmermann Telegram: A secret communication from Germany to Mexico proposing a military alliance against the United States was intercepted, further fueling American sentiment for entering the conflict.
On what date was the armistice signed?
The armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, marking the end of hostilities on the Western Front.
What did the Allies ask for in the Treaty of Versailles?
The Allies demanded significant reparations from Germany, the cession of territory, and limitations on the size of the German military, aiming to prevent future aggression and establish lasting peace.
What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points?
Wilson's Fourteen Points included principles such as open diplomacy, freedom of navigation, free trade, disarmament, self-determination for nations, and the establishment of a League of Nations to promote peace and cooperation among countries.
Which major European Empire that helped to start the war was dissolved following the Treaty
of Versailles ?
The Austro-Hungarian Empire was dissolved following the Treaty of Versailles, leading to the creation of several independent nations in Central and Eastern Europe.
The Austro-Hungarian Empire was dissolved following the Treaty of Versailles, leading to the creation of several independent nations in Central and Eastern Europe.
This shift greatly altered the political landscape of the region, resulting in the emergence of new countries such as Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Hungary.
What was the Armenian genocide
The Armenian genocide refers to the systematic extermination and mass killing of the Armenian population by the Ottoman Empire during World War I, which resulted in the deaths of an estimated 1.5 million Armenians between 1915 and 1923.