arts

RECEPTACLES -These were containers fashioned by early Filipinos to enclose and protect the bodies of their dead relatives

TEXTILE WEAVING- Flat stone tools believed to have been used to pound and flatten tree barks into primitive types of textiles have been excavated

JEWELRY -Shells were used for accessories: bracelets and pendants. Shells, animal bones, and small stones were the earliest adornments.

POTTERY The most convenient way to classify and study thousands of pre-Hispanic potteries is to classify them according to shape, method of decoration and type of deign on the surface

SCULPTURE Figures representing spirits constituted most of the early Philippines’ representational sculpture; These images represented the anitos or the spirits whom the early Filipinos believed and prayed to. ARCHITECTURE These structures are still being built in rural places around the country; The early inhabitants of the Philippines were sea-faring people.

MUSLIM ART During this era, Paved way for the development of its own unique styled of art; Place emphasis on creating an art form that is built on the beauty and respect for the teachings of Islam; Most important element of this art is the color.

SARIMANOK, OKIR, NAGA Examples of Muslim Art

UKKIL A design technique usually seen in the Sulu Peninsula; Decorative design that is used in carving, basketry, pottery, and weaving; The pattern is similar to the Western style arabesque and Art Noveau. MARANAO BRASS WORK Best with seen in the Kabul and gadur, jar-like containers with covers that resemble the domes of their mosques.

KAMPILAN a long sword, its handle resembling the open mouth of a naga

KRIS a wavy flame-like blade representing the body of serpent

BARONG a leaf-like blade having the same geometric designs on its hilt.

WOODCARVING Considered an important skill in all tribes.

WOOD The medium of choice in the art of Mountain Province; Used in making shields, spoons, ladles, bowls, and also human and animal figures.

IRON MELTING AND BRONZE-CASTING The other skills of the Ifugaos and Itneg IRON kind of metal used for making functional materials like axes and spears

BRONZE, GOLD, BRASS kinds of metal used for making other ornaments which includes jewelries. BULOL a figure of a benevolent spirit who guards granaries and rice fields.

BIHANG a figure meant to scare and create fear of punishment in anybody who goes against the norms of village

DECORATIVE abstract designs seen in textiles, bamboo containers, brass and gold ornaments are all decorative.

THE SPANISH COLONIAL ART era of art that started when Philippines was colonized by Spaniards; where they introduces formal paintings, sculpture, and architecture influenced with Byzantines, Gothic, Baroque, and Rococo art style; its most art are religious.

Fr. Antonio Sedeno A Jesuit; He introduced lime in the construction of buildings; He was responsible for the construction of the first fortress, the Nuestra Señora de Guia Fort in Manila and was instrumental in the planning and building of the Manila’s Secular residences.

PARIAN what do you call to the early painting and sculptural works for the church were largely given to the Chinese artisans living in a community outside Intramuros

SCULPTURE Carving which began in the pre-Hispanic times in making the likha, was redirected by the friars into the creation of santos.

Juan Delos Santos Famous sculptor of the period; He carved several retablos for the Augustinian church in Intramuros.

Lorenzo Flores He carved the escudo of the Franciscan Order found in front of the Tayabas Church

SANTOS OF IVORY AND ANIMAL BONE these are usually quita y pone (remove and put) type. The large, costumed church statues belong to this type.

PAINTING A rise of national consciousness was expressed through the reform movement during the 19th century.

Sociedad Economica de Amigo dela Palais A civic conscious organization aimed to encourage the development of the visual arts which led to the establishment of Escuela de Dibujo y Pintura in 1821. DAMIAN DOMINGO First teacher; A mestizo whose talents impressed local authorities; The technique of painting during this time may be from his works, where detailed and fine lines give volume or body to objects or parts of the human figure.

MINIATURISTS With the establishment of the first school of fine arts, the painting of secular objects was done in miniature, the size of a thumb nail. The painters are called ______?

Juan Luna He won a silver medal for his La Muerte de la Cleopatra at Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes in 1884 for his famous Spolarium.

Felix Hidalgo He won a silver medal for his Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace in Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes.

Ernani J. Cuenco

Filipino love ballad by adding the elements of kundiman to it
Works: Nahan, Kahit na Magtiis, Diligin Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa
Nicolas Bagay one of the outstanding engravers who ran a printing press.
Francisco Suarez he is also known for his designs in 1733 and for the 12 scenes depicting representative life in the islands
Contemporary Art art of the present period.
Philippine Contemporary Art era of art where inventions of machines for mass production; Computer Software for architecture.
Pablo S. Antonio
Pioneered modern Philippine Architecture
Works: FEU building Juan F. Nakpil
Filipino architect, teacher, and a community leader.
Works: UP Diliman admin building Leandro V. Locsin
He designed modern building which adopt climatic features.
Works: CCP Complex Ildefonso P. Santos
Pioneered the practice of landscape architecture in the Philippines
Works: Rizal Park, SMC Building Jose Maria V. Zaragosa
Known for designing several edifices during the postwar era.
Works: San Beda Convent Lamberto V. Avellana
“The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies”
Works: Sakay, The evil within Ishmael Bernal
“The Genius of Philippine Cinema”
His art extends beyond the confines of aesthetics
Works: Pahiram ng isang Umaga, Broken Marriage Lino Brocka
He was a radical filmmaker
Works: Maynila: Sa Kuko ng Liwanag, Oraponobis Manuel Conde
He was taking up geological engineering and entering the movies was farthest from his mind
Works: Ibong Adarna, Si Juan Tamad Gerardo De Leon
He was a film director, writer, actor, and producer used film to transmit to younger generation of Filipinos the stories in ancient and oral narratives.
Works: Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo Ronald Alan K. Poe
Fernando Poe Jr.
Works: Batang Maynila, Ang Pagbabalik ng Lawin Eddies S. Romero
Romero was a source OF INSPIRATION AND PRIDE OF THE Siliman community for his immense contributions to shaping a strong Filipino identity.
Works: Ganto kami Noon… Paano Kaya Ngayon?, noli me Tangere Fernando Amorsolo
“The Painter of Philippines Sunlight”
Works: Maiden in a Stream, Dalagang Bukid Benedicto Cabrera
“BenCab” noted as “arguably the best-selling painter”
Works: Madonna with Objects, Studies of Sabel Cesar Legaspi
A pioneer “Neo-Realist” of the country
Works: Diggers, Idols of the Third Eye Hernando R. Ocampo
He was a filipino artist best known for his abstract paintings
Work: Gene, Ina ng Balon Carlos Francisco
Created mythical world of the Filipino and its history
Sample Works: Portrait of Purita, The Invasion of Limahong Abdulamri Asia Imao
Working on the motifs of Muslim Mindanao
Works: Industry Brass Mural, Mural Relief on Filmmaking Guillermo Tolentino
He was also conferred the President’s Medal of Merit
Works: The Bonifacio Monument, President Quezon at Quezon Memorial Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
“Alcuazaics”
Works: Roadside Squatters, Manila 1968 J. Elizalde Navarro
Modernist transformations can be likened to a Buddhist avatar
Works: I’m Sorry Jesus, I Can’t Attend Christmas This Year Arturo Luz
A filipino modern artist
Works: Bagong Taon, Vendador de Flores Napoleon V. Abueva
“Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture”
Works: Portrait of Purita, the invasion of Limahong Francisco Coching
“Dean of Filipino Ilustrators”
Through his komiks, Pinoy pop culture found its identity.
Works: Pusakal, Talipandas Ang Kiukok
Known for his expressive Cubist-like works.
Works: Geometric Landscape, Pieta Vicente Manansala
He was the developer of transparent cubism.
Works: A Cluster of Nipa Hut, San Francisco Del Monte Victorio C. Edades
“Father of Modern Philippine Painting”
Works: The Sketch, The Artist, and the Mode Jose T. Joya
He spearheaded the birth, growth, and flowering of abstract expressionism in the Philippines
Works: Hills of Nikko, Abstraction, Dimension of Fear Francisco Arcellana
Important progenitor of the modern Filipino short story
Works: Frankie, The Man Who Would Be Poe, Death in a Factory Bienvenido Lumbrera
Recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award
Works: Tagalog Poetry, 1570-1898: Tradition and Influences in it Development Virgilio S. Alamrio
The current chairman of the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
Works: Ang Makata sa Panahon ng Makina Balagtasismo versus Modernismo Edith L. Tiempo
Poet, fictionist, teacher, and literary critic
Works: a blade of Fern, The Native Coast N.V.M Gonzales
Fictionist, essayist, poet, and teacher
Works: The Winds of April, seven Hills Away Cicilio F. Bautista
Contributed to the development of Philippine literature
Works: Summer Suns, Words and Battefields Amado V. Hernandez
He practiced “committed art”
Works: Bayang Malaya, Isang Dipang Langit F. Sionil Jose
Works that depict class struggles in Filipino Society
Works: The Pretenders, tree, My Brother, My Executioner Nick Joaquin
Argued that Philippine Letters were polarized into extremes
Works: The Woman Who Had Two Navels, A portrait of the Artist as Filipino Lazaro Francisco
“Masterful handling of the Tagalog language” and “supple prose style”
Works: Ama, Bayang Nagpatiwakal, Maganda Pa Ang Daigdig Carlos P. Romulo
Recipient of many other honors and honorary degrees
Works: The United, I Walked with heroes Alejandro Roces
The country’s best writer of comic short stories
Works: Of Cocks and Kites, My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken Levi Celerio
He used the LEAF as a musical instrument
Works: O Maliwanag Na Buwan “(Iloko),” Ako ay may SIngsing Jose Garcia Villa Jose Garcia Villa
“Doveglion”
Works: Footnote to Youth, Many Voices, Poems by Doveglion Rolando S. Tinio
Directing the Teatro Pilipino
Works: SItsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung-dunungan, Kristal na Uniberso Ramon Valera
He was celebrated for his ingenuity and craftmanship, for revolutionizing the national costume, for his masterly embroidery and beadwork and for translating Philippine motifs into contemporary terms.
The greatest of all was his manipulation by cut – would sew a dress to perfection without using a pattern. Salvador F. Bernal
Starting in 1969, bernal designed more than 300 productions for drama, musicals, operas, and concerts.
He was known for using indigenous and locally available materials for his stage designs such as bamboo, abaca fabric, twice raw hemp, and rattan chain links.
Works: organized the PATDAT Francisca Reyes Aquino
Folk Dancer Pioneer
Works: Philippine National Dances (1946), Gymnastics for Girls Alice Reyes
Visionary founder of Ballet Philippines
Works: Amada (1969), At a Maranaw Gathering (1970) Lucrecia Reyes Urtula
Singkil, Vinta, tagabili, Pagdiwata, Salidsid, Idaw, Banga and Aires de Verbena
Works: Vinta,Tagabili Ramon Obusan
Forerunner of Philippine folk dance
Works: Vamos a Belen! Series, Noon Po sa Amin Leonor Orosa Goquingco
First Filipino to choreograph ballet
Works: TREND: Return to Native, In a Javanese Garden Carlo Quirino
Best known for his early biography of Jose Rizal
Maps and views of Old Manila, Lives of the Philippine Presidents Antonio Buenaventura
Composed songs, compositions
Works: Triumphal March, Echoes of the Past Lucrecia R. Kasilag
Made more than 300 compositions
Works: Toccata for Percussions and Winds, Divertissement and Concertante Lucio San Pedro
Music evokes the folk elements for the Filipino Heritage
Works: The Devil’s Bridge, malakas at Maganda Overture Jose Maceda
Renowed scholar in ethnomusicology
Works: Ugma-ugma (1963), Pagsamba (1968) Antonio J Molina
“Dean of Filipino composers”
Works: Misa Antoniana Grand Festival Mass, Ang Batingas Levi Celerio
Known for being a leaf-player
Works: O Maliwanag Na Buwan (Iloko), Ako ay May Singsing (Pampango) Francisco Feliciano
“Asianness”
Works: Ashen Wings (1995), Sikhay Sa Kabila ng Paalam (1993) Ramon P. Santos
Contributed greatly quest for new direction in music
Works: Panaghoy Jovita Fuentes
Active advocate of music and the arts
Works: Liu Yu in Puccini’s Turnadot, Mimi in Puccini’s La Bohem Andrea Veneracion
Philippine Madrigal Singers Felipe Padilla De Leon
“Crisis Composer” of the Philippine
Works: Mariang Makiling Overture, Roca Encantada Honorata Dela Rama
Producer and the writer of plays
Works: Dalagang Bukid, Pangarap ni Rosa Daisy Avellana
Role as Candida Marasigan
Works: Othelio (1953), Macbeth in Black (1959) Rolando S. Tinio
Directing the Teatro Pilipino
Works: Now and Forever, Gamitin Mo Ako, Bayad Pur Wilfrido Ma Guerrero
Artistic director of the UP Mobile Theater
Works: Half an Hour in a Convent, Wanted: A Chaperon, Forever Honorata Dela Rama
producer and the writer of plays
Works: Mascota, Sueño de un Vals, and Marina Salvador F. Bernal
designed more than 300 productions for drama.
Works: organized the PATDAT Severino Montano
forerunner in institutionalizing “legitimate theater”
Works: started a graduate course at the Philippine normal College for theater artists Lamberto V. Avellana
“The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies”
Works: Sergeant Hasan (1967), Destination Vietnam SUBJECT refers to what the work represents REPRESENTATIONAL OR OBJECTIVE ART artworks that have subjects NON-REPRESENTATIONAL OR NON OBJECTIVE ARTS artworks that do not have subjects NATURE the most popular source of subjective art. PEOPLE the most interesting source of subjective art. HISTORY depicts real events which are verifiable facts that occurred in the past to commemorate events or to teach history. Legends based on legends present to viewers of the art something tangible even when unverified. RELIGION based on sacred texts to convey beliefs MYTHOLOGY based on stories of God and Goddesses of Ancient Greece, Rome, Celts, Norse, and the Egyptians. Dreams and Fantasy Based on the unconscious TECHNOLOGY the modern era like cityscapes, airplanes, cars, ships, motorcycles, and robotic technology. NATURALISM
A style and theory of representation based on the accurate depiction of detail REALISM
This depicts the artist’s attempt of portraying the subject as it ABSTRACTION
Moves away from reality and from presenting the subject as it really is.
Abstract means “to move away or to separate from” DISTORTION
Figures have been so arranged that its proportions differ significantly from reality. ELONGATION
The subject is stretched vertically and/or some parts lengthened to give the impression of thinness. MANGLING
Subjects are shown as cut, lacerated, mutilated, or hacked repeated blows. CUBISM
Presented through the use of figures: a cone, cylinder, sphere, triangle, square, cube, and circle in place of real pictorial elements SYMBOLISM
Symbol means a visible sign of something invisible such as an idea or quality. FAUVISM
Literally means wild beats
Fauves did not express ethical, philosophical, or psychological themes but painted pictures of comfort, joy, and pleasure. DADAISM
Dada is a French for hobby horse
It does not follow he traditions and principles in art. FUTURISM
Works that capture the speed and force of the modern industrial society.
Highlight the technologies of modern life. SURREALISM
It is an invented word for ‘super realism’
It emphasized the activities of the unconscious mind EXPRESSIONISM
Depicts the emotions aroused by objects and events.
Subjects involve chaos, sadness, tragedy, and defeat.