Gibberellins
Outline: Gibberellins as Plant Growth Regulators
Introduction
Definition of gibberellins
Over 100 gibberellins reported from various organisms
Denoted as GA1, GA2, GA3, etc.
Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
One of the first discovered gibberellins
Most intensively studied form
All GAs are acidic
Physiological Responses
Wide range of physiological responses in plants
Ability to increase axis length
Used to increase grape stalk length
Causes fruits like apples to elongate and improve shape
Delays senescence
Applications of Gibberellins
Increasing grape stalk length
Improving fruit shape and size
Delaying senescence in fruits and flowers
Conclusion
Gibberellins play a crucial role as plant growth regulators
Versatile in their applications for enhancing plant growth and development
Gibberellins in Agriculture
Fruits on Trees
Gibberellins (GA3) extend market period
Fruits can stay on tree longer
Malting Process in Brewing
GA3 speeds up malting process
Used in brewing industry
Sugarcane
Carbohydrate stored as sugar in stems
Gibberellins increase stem length
Yield increase up to 20 tonnes/acre
Juvenile Conifers
GAs hasten maturity period
Early seed production
Bolting in Plants
Gibberellins promote bolting
Internode elongation before flowering
Seen in beet, cabbages, rosette plants
Gibberellins are another kind of promotery PGR. There are more than 100 gibberellins reported from widely different organisms such as fungi and higher plants. They are denotedas GA1, GA2, GA3 and so on. However, Gibberellic acid (GA3) was one of the first gibberellins to be discovered and remains the most intensively studied form. All GAs are acidic. They produce a wide range of physiological responses in the plants. Their ability to cause an increase in length of axis is used to increase the length of grapes stalks. Gibberellins ,cause fruits like apple to elongate and improve its shape. They also delay senescence. Thus, the fruits can be left on the tree longer so as to extend the market period. GA3 is used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry. Sugarcane stores carbohydrate as sugar in their stems. Spraying sugarcane crop with gibberellins increases the length of the stem, thus increasing the yield by as much as 20 tonnes per acre.Spraying juvenile conifers with GAs hastens the maturity period, thus leading to early seed production. Gibberellins also promotes bolting(internode elongation just prior to flowering) in beet, cabbages and many plants with rosette habit.