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Chapter 9
A tennis coach is creating a presentation to explain to teenagers the basics of playing tennis.
(a) Describe the design features that must be included to make the presentation appeal to the teenagers.
Use of videos/animation relating to the topic
Use images relating to the topic
Consistent layout across all the slides
Balance of pictures and text
Balanced use of white space and content
Use bullet points as easier to absorb information
Balance of size between headings and text
Use of interactive elements
Use of background music/sound
(b) The designer needs to be aware of copyright legislation when creating the presentation. Explain the need for copyright legislation.
Copyright is a type of intellectual property
It gives the owner of the copyright the exclusive right to make copies of the work
It allows the owner to give permission for others to use the work
Discuss the moral implications which need to be considered when creating an ICT solution
What may be immoral in some cultures may be acceptable in others
Just because something is immoral doesn't mean that it is illegal
The ICT solution can cause distress to others/be offensive
Becomes immoral if the person gains from their actions
examples:
Not creating a website full of false facts/news
Not including obscene/offensive/inappropriate/extreme/blasphemy/discriminatory content
Not creating a video solution that earns you money by stating false facts/lies
Not creating an ICT solution that coerces people to give money
Invasion of privacy
A group of students in a school are planning to publicise a school concert. They can either produce a web page which will be sent to the company that runs the school website or create a multimedia presentation and show this to students and visitors.
(a) Give types of content which could be used in a multimedia presentation that cannot be used in a printed leaflet
Moving images/video
Sound/Audio
Animation
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using a multimedia presentation rather than a web page on the school website.
Advantages
Easier to display to parents
Can take less time to display the information
Quicker to change/update content of the multimedia presentation
More control over the layout of the presentation as not using a third party browser
More control over the sound in the presentation as using own equipment
People viewing the Multimedia Presentation will be school based
Can be viewed without internet access
Disadvantages
The multimedia presentation is only available in the school during school time whereas a web page can be used in other places
The visitor may not see the whole presentation
The multimedia presentation may not include sound due to being shown in the school
Multimedia presentations can require expensive hardware to produce and view
Multimedia seen by less people
Multimedia more expensive software needed to produce the presentation
More specialist training needed to produce it
When creating an ICT solution, the legal, moral, ethical and cultural implications have to be considered. Choose the most appropriate implication that matches the descriptions given below.
(a) Ensuring that copyright laws have been followed.
Legal
(b) Not giving information about the ICT solution to another company.
Ethical
When software is bought, the purchaser is subject to copyright legislation. Give actions that would breach copyright legislation.
Making a copy and giving it away to a friend or colleague/streaming without permission
Making a copy and lending it without permission
Making a copy and selling it without permission
Using a single copy with multiple simultaneous use on a network
Using coding from the original copy in your own programs/modifying the original code
Renting out the original copy without permission
The cricket club has a junior team for 6−8-year-old players. The secretary has produced an ePublication to attract new members to the junior team. State two features of an ePublication that could not appear on a paper poster.
Audio
Interactivity
Ability to change to different languages
Ability to change text flow left-to-right and right-to-left
Text to speech
Accessibility
Video
Animation
Turning pages automatically
Describe the features that could be used to make the ePublication attractive to a younger audience.
Bright colours
Animations
Videos
Sounds//sound effects
Cartoons
There should be more pictures than text
The wording should be simple//Short sentences could be used
Large text fonts so that it is easier to read
Use of white space to break up the text and make it easier to read
Games/activities for content can be used
The manager of a sports club is designing an online form for members to enter their personal details. The form must be accessible to all members of the club.
(a) State four characteristics of a good form design
Clear and visible labels for each field
Font size is large enough to read
Easy data entry
Language used is simple to understand
Appropriate size of data entry sections
Good use of white space//Fills the screen
Use of sensible error messages
Use of navigation buttons/drop down boxes/radio buttons
Use/location of Help buttons/instructions
(b) State two characteristics of good form design that would help users with visual impairment to enter their data.
Buttons are large enough to see
Font size is large enough to read
Use of high contrast colours
Use of voice entry
Use of text to speech
The secretary of Tawara University has created web pages for former students. The former students are adults.
State the design features of the web pages that would meet the needs of this target audience.
Age
Balance of text and images to attract older audience
Uncluttered // Use of white space // Organised layout
Don’t use childish language
Consistent design Interests
Interesting content
Keep on topic
Knowing the audience’s interests and writing about them
Accessibility
Contrasting colours to make it easier to read
Clear (readable) fonts
Larger fonts to help those with visual impairments
Keep the content simple
Interactivity
Don’t use red and green due to colour blindness
The web pages conform to the university’s corporate house style. Describe why a corporate house style is used.
Provides consistency
Allows all documentation to contain the same header/footer information
Saves money/time on producing new documentation details
People using the web pages know it is part of the university website
Relates to the university identity/brand image
Give design features of a corporate house style.
Corporate colours used
Corporate font style
Corporate font size
Inclusion of the logo
Position of the logo
Position of text
Layout of address
Martin, who is a teacher, is creating a multimedia presentation to explain a topic to his students. He produces a master slide.
(a) Write down objects he could include in the master slide.
Text
Images
Logos
Slide footer/header
Automatic slide number
Link/button to other slide/file/web page
Lines for layout
Animation/video/sound
(b) Martin wants to record a message for his students. His voice will be added to the presentation. He will also need to listen to his voice to make sure the sound is of good quality.
Name devices that he will need.
Microphone
Headphones/speakers
Sound card
(c)Martin will need to use software to create different types of content before including them in the presentation. Name types of software that he might use and for each one, write down what he would use it for.
Word processing
Type/enter the text for the presentation
Image editing software/graphics package/photo editing
To prepare images for inclusion in the presentation
Sound editing software
To record the message for the presentation
Video editing software
To change the video of Martin
Spreadsheet
To create a chart/graph
Explain the need for copyright legislation when data is published on the internet.
Copyright is the legal and exclusive right to copy, or permit to be copied, some specific work
If you own the copyright on the content of a web page someone else cannot make a copy of it without your permission
Copyright usually originates with the creator of a work, but can be sold, traded, or inherited by others
If you blog, take photographs, publish music, or otherwise produce copyrightable content, you legally own that content
Whether you want to let other people use it or not is your decision
If you want to use other people’s content, you have to understand permissions and licensing, what is legal and what isn’t//Read Terms and Conditions
Supports the original producers of the software/content
Describe methods that software producers use to prevent software copyright being broken
Serial numbers/product keys
When software is being installed, users are often asked to enter a unique number which proves the software is original
Serial numbers and product keys are supplied with the original copy of the software
Holograms
Holograms are often used on the packaging of software and they indicate that the copy is genuine
Software without a hologram on the packaging is usually an illegal copy as they are too difficult and costly for pirates to implement
Licence agreements
Licence agreements are part of the software installation process and they informthe user exactly how they are legally allowed to use the product
Users are required to 'agree to terms of use' before they can complete theinstallation Any breach of this can mean prosecution and fines
One mark for naming the method then one mark for each reason
To gain full marks candidates must have at least one description in addition to naming the methods
Emails are used by people to communicate with each other. Copyright and using acceptable language in the email are two of the constraints that affect the use of email.
Describe other constraints that may affect the use of email
The laws within a country//In some countries emails are monitored and people are punished for what they write
Using emails for marketing purposes//Laws differ in different countries
Netiquette
Local guidelines set by an employer
The need for security//Some countries monitor keywords in emails
Password protection does not allow people to see the contents
Cultural offences
Describe the rules of the use of acceptable language in emails
Include a clear, direct subject line
Use a professional email address
Use professional salutations
Use exclamation points sparingly
Be cautious with humour/sarcasm/slang
Proofread the message before you click send
Do not use capital letters as it implies shouting
Do not use swear/offensive words
Do not use defamatory comments
Protect others privacy
A search engine can be used to find information on the internet. Describe the disadvantages of using a search engine to find information rather than typing in a web address.
Information overload
Web sites at the top of the list may not be relevant
May be more irrelevant information
Search engines may not include all web pages
If a website loads faster, it is given priority
Search engine company may be paid to display certain web pages
A student is writing a project on rare animals. He uses a search engine to find information about the animals from the internet. He is concerned about the reliability of some of the information he has found. Explain how he would evaluate the reliability of this information.
Check the author of the website as anybody can publish their understanding of a topic
Check if the website has excessive advertising
Check the content/advertising of its own products of a website to see if it biased
Check the final part of the domain name of the URL
Example .ac, .gov, .org
Check if site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations
Check if it has links to other reliable sites
Check if it has testimonials/reviews
Check if the author’s credentials are good
Check if information is comparable to other information from reliable authenticated experts
Check if the date of the last update was a long time ago
Check if website has excessive spelling and grammar mistakes
Can compare information from other sites to see if it is reliable
The student plans to create a table, using word processing software, to display the information he has found out about the animal. The completed table will look like this:
(c) Explain how the student can create a table to enter this data.
Select the position for the table
Click on Insert then table
Select/type in 2 columns and 5 rows
Type in the data
(d) The student has saved a picture from the internet of a tiger quoll. Explain how he could create a new row above the Pouched row and place the picture into the right-hand cell of this new row.
Max three from:
Highlight Scientific name row
Right click select insert
Click Insert new row below
Or
Highlight Pouched row
Right click select insert
Click Insert new row above
Max three from:
Click on right hand cell in the row
Click insert…pictures
Locate/select picture
Insert the picture
Format the picture
Complete the sentences using the most appropriate item from the list
blog cookie email fax search engine social media web browser wiki
(a) A piece of software that allows a user to display a web page is called a
Web browser
(b) A personal internet journal is called a
Blog
(c) A web application that allows a group of people to edit the content is called a
Wiki
Tawara College is setting up a new website for its older students. The website will publicise the events in the college, as well as revision and sporting activities. The headteacher wants the website to be attractive to the older students and it must meet their needs. Before the website can be produced the needs of the audience have to be taken into account.
Analyse the needs of this audience
There needs to be emoticons/clipart to grab the attention
The content needs to be relevant to improve their knowledge
There must be a balance of information and pictures with more information
than pictures
The use of white space is less important
More hyperlinks to related web pages
Fonts must be clear and readable
The interface must be simple, clear and intuitive
Slideshows, videos and images providing more information
High contrast background
The students need to be constantly engaged
Needs to be interactive
The tone of the website needs to be casual
The website needs to be able to work on all platforms especially mobile ones
The content needs to be kept fresh and updated
The table shows a comparison of two different types of fitness tracker. A fitness tracker contains a microprocessor, is worn around the wrist and monitors physical readings of the wearer.
You have been asked to design a poster to show this data for the two fitness trackers. Describe how you would use different design features to enhance the data in this poster. The poster must be suitable for an audience of adult customers.
Different size/style of font for the title/features in the table
Clear font colour for the title/text in the table
Clear fonts for the title/text in the table
Use of bold to highlight keywords
Use of italics to highlight keywords
Poster fills the page
Data is shown in the comparison table/chart
More text than images
Contrasting colours for font and background colour
Use of white space
Use of borders to make the text stand out
The teacher asks the students to create a presentation for their parents to explain to them about the history of their town. Describe the features that the students must include to make the presentation appeal to the adults.
A small font size
A formal font type
Formal content
Pastel shade colours to make it easier to read
Use of both upper and lower case characters to make it easier to read
Use of technical/appropriate language
Fewer images and more text
Don’t use too much colour
Use suitable/appropriate images
Use plain and simple backgrounds
