bio 1.3 & 1.4

  • What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  • What does the nucleus do?

  • What does the ribosome do?

  • What do rough ER and Golgi do?

  • What does the mitochondrion do?

  • What does the lysosome do?

  • What is transcription vs. translation?

  • Explain the pathway of a protein from DNA to outside the cell.

  • What does selective permeability mean?

  • What is the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion?

  • What is osmosis?

  • What happens to a cell in hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions?

  • What is the difference between passive and active transport?

  • How does the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase maintain the Na⁺/K⁺ gradients?

  • Explain the entire beta-cell insulin pathway from glucose entering the cell to insulin being released.