Ch. 1 Intro to Small Group Communication- 1/13

What is Small Group Communication?

  • Small Group Communication - refers to interactions among 3+ people who are connected through a common purpose, mutual influence, and a shared identity

Characteristics of Small Groups - Groups Size

  • It all depends on the groups purpose

  • At least 3 people

  • Over 15-20 = not considered small

Characteristics - Group Structure

  • Internal < — > External Influences

  • Internal Influences - member characteristics etc.

  • External Influences - group size, task and resources

  • Groups structures are formed through formal and informal network connection

Characteristics - Interdependence

  • Needs to rely on other to accomplish group tasks and purpose

  • Benefits - All groups members succeed when a few members succeed

  • Downfall - All group members may fail when some fail / individual group members may feel a loss of control or independence

Characteristics - Shared Identity

  • Mostly found in the mission and vision statements of groups

  • Shared identity reflects in: group names, slogans, songs, handshakes, clothing, or other symbols

  • Shared identity emerges when group members are cohesive

Types of Small Groups

  1. Task-oriented Groups

  2. Relational-oriented Groups

  3. Primary Groups

  4. Secondary Groups

  5. Teams

Task-Oriented Groups

  • Developed mainly to solve a task/problem

  • Types of tasks may include

    • Production tasks

    • Discussion tasks

    • problem-solving tasks

Relational Oriented Groups

  • Formed to promoted interpersonal connectedness, well-being through quality interactions among members

Primary vs. Secondary Groups

  • Primary Groups

    • Interacts most frequently and consists of significant other (family and romantic partnerships)

  • Secondary Groups

    • Not too frequent interactions among members

Teams

  • Teams are task-oriented groups in which members are especially loyal and dedicated to the task and other groups members

  • Successful teams are

    • clear and inspiring shared goals

    • a result-driven structure

    • competent team members

    • a collaborative climate

    • high standard for performance

    • external support and recognition

    • ethical and accountable leadership

Advantages to Small Groups

  • Shared Decision Making

  • Shared Resources

  • Synergy

  • Exposure to Diversity

Disadvantages to Small Groups

  • Coordination issues

  • Potential for conflict

  • Social Loafing