PREFIXES

1. Quantity and Position

• Ante-: Before (e.g., anterior)

• Anti-: Against (e.g., antidote, antiseptic)

• Auto-: Self (e.g., autonomic nervous system)

• Bi-: Two, double, or twice (e.g., biceps; 2)

• Hemi-: Half (e.g., hemiplegia; \frac{1}{2}

• Hyper-: Excessive or above (e.g., hyperactive)

• Hypo-: Below, under, or less (e.g., hypothermia)

• Mono-: One or single (e.g., monocular; 1)

• Para-: Beside or two like parts (e.g., paraplegia)

• Peri-: Around (e.g., pericardial)

• Quadra-: Four (e.g., quadriplegia; 4)

• Semi-: Half or partial (e.g., semiconscious; \frac{1}{2}

• Tri-: Three (e.g., triceps; 3)

2. Anatomical and Physiological Prefixes

• Cardi- / Cardio-: Heart (e.g., cardiac arrest)

• Dent- / Denti-: Teeth (e.g., dentures)

• Derm- / Derma- / Dermi-: Skin (e.g., dermatitis)

• Endo-: Within (e.g., endoscopy)

• Gastro-: Stomach (e.g., gastroscope)

• Hemo- / Hema-: Blood (e.g., hematoma)

• Myo-: Muscle (e.g., myositis)

• Naso-: Nose (e.g., nasogastric)

• Nephro-: Kidney (e.g., nephritis)

• Neuro-: Nerve (e.g., neurological)

• Osteo-: Bone (e.g., osteomyelitis)

• Oto-: Ear (e.g., otology)

• Pneumo- / Pulmo-: Lungs or air (e.g., pneumonia, pulmonology)

• Procto-: Rectum or anus (e.g., proctology)

• Thoracic-: Chest (e.g., thoracotomy)

• Uro-: Urine (e.g., urology)

3. General Condition and Life Stages

• Gero-: Old age (e.g., gerontology)

• Hydro-: Water (e.g., hydrotherapy)

• Patho-: Disease (e.g., pathology)