socsci

Topic 1: Civilizations in SEA

Lesson 1: Overview of Civilizations

                                         A. What are Civilizations?

                                                  - well developed society with proper government

                                         B.  Traits of Civilization

                                                           1. Agriculture and Food

                  - early humans grew crops, farmed, and hunted

                                                           2. Walled Cities and Megalithic Structures 

                - walls were built to keep out enemies and wild animals, walls                                                                          were not built very often in the Philippines due to our                                                                                  natural terrain and landscapes

             - megalithic structures were made as symbols of religion,                                                                                culture, and national identity

  3. Specialized Jobs

    - people worked jobs that were needed for the community

    -  before currency they bartered, which is to exchange goods

  4. Writing System

    - used to communicate with other people

      - the oldest writing system is “Cuneiform”

    - the one of the oldest in the Philippines is called “Babayin”

    5. Laws and Government

    - established to keep order and stop mindless chaos

    - had a “mandela system” where they would have multiple                                                                             leaders in the government instead of one

  6. Social Structure 

                - a hierarchy in the civilization

                                                            7. Arts and Culture

 - showcased their skill and creativity 

  - culture would show what they believe in

- arts and culture depended on the civilization’s specifics

  8. Belief & Religion

- used to teach what is right and wrong

- beliefs & religion back then were mostly animism

Lesson 2: Mainland SEA Civilizations

                                         A.  The Kingdom of Funan

                                               - contained in Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam

        - originated near the Mekong River Delta

              -  had canals and trade routes

-  religion is Hinduism then changed to Buddhism

- had agriculture and fishing

- strong trade with India leading to Hindu influence in culture and irrigation systems

  B. The Kingdom of Angkor

              -  contained in Cambodia

              -  originated near Tonle Sap Lake and Mekong River

                -  had the Angkor Wat and irrigation systems

              - religion was Hinduism but later changed to Buddhism

    a. & believed in worshipping dead ancestors

              - had rivers and canals that acted as defense

- had Indian influence in architecture with evidence being the Angkor Wat and the Kandaya Mahadeva having similarities

   C. The Kingdom of Sukhothai

- contained in Thailand

- originated near the Yom River Basin

- infrastructure had temples

- religion is Buddhism

- also had river valleys which supported their rice farming

- one of the main centers of Buddhism

     D. The Kingdom of Ayutthaya

- contained in Thailand

- originated near the Chao Phraya River 

- religion was Buddhism with religious temples, and trade ports

- Chao Phraya River served as transportation and trade

- Known to have Chinese artisans and traders for economy and culture

Lesson 3: Spread of Influence in SEA

       A.  Main Influences

    - India and China

a. affected ancient kingdoms through migration and trade

b. evidences - The Golden Taura of Agusan and Kandaya  Mandeva with Angkor Wat