@@The South’s Cotton Kingdom@@
- Industrial Revolution increased the demand for southern cotton
- People needed more cotton to make cloth
- South had good weather and soil for growing cotton
%%Eli Whitney Invents the Cotton Gin%%
- Eli Whitney
- Young Teacher for Connecticut
- Planned to be a tutor on a plantation in 1793
- Tinkerer loved to fix things
- Built a machine to help clean cotton called the Cotton Gin
- This machine could do the work of 50 people cleaning cotton by hand
- This machine brought a economic growth
%%The Cotton Kingdom and Slavery%%
- In 1792 planters grew only 6,000 bales of cotton a year
- In 1850 thew were producing more than 2 million bales
- After war in 1812 cotton planters started to move west
- As the Cotton Kingdom spread so did slavery
- Slavery was a southern institution
- Northern and Western factories, business, and banks indirectly promoted the enslavement of people through their commercial links with the south
@@Reliance on Plantation Agriculture@@
- Cotton was souths most profitable cash crop
- The south also profited on rice, sugar cane, tobacco, and the nations livestock
- Rice
- Grown along the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia
- Required expensive irrigation and drainage systems and warm most all found mainly along the coast
- Sugar Cane
- Was important in Louisiana and Texas
- Required expensive irrigation and drainage systems and warm most all found mainly along the coast
- Cane Grows needed machinery to grind their harvest
- Small farms could not afford
- Tobacco
- Export of south since 1619
%%Limited Southern Industry%%
- Southern factories made many agricultural tools
- Machine - Cotton gin, planters, and plows
- Hand held - Ironware, hoes, and a jute/hemp cloth
%%Southern Cities%%
- Fewer than 8% of white southerners lived in towns of more than 4,000 people
%%Economically Dependent%%
- Few industrial jobs
- People had few ways to escape the poverty of life on a small farm
- South became very dependent on the north and Europe
@@What Was life like for African Americans in the South@@
- Free African Americans had faced harsh discrimination.
%%Free African Americans%%
- Most free AA were were the descendants of enslaved people who were freed during and after the American Revolution
- In 1860 more than 200,000 free AA lived in the south
- Most lived in Delaware and Maryland
- Slavery was in a declined in these areas
- White slave owners did not like to free AA living in the south
- Feared that free AA set a dangerous example
- Cause AA to revolt
- Free AA were not allowed to vote or travel
- Norbert Rillieux
- Invented a machine called that revolutionized the way sugar was refined
- Henry Blair
%%Enslaved African Americans%%
- 1860 1/3 of AA made up the souths population
- When they were teenagers they worked 12-14 hours a day
- Although facing discrimination African families were not forced to separate
@@How Did Enslaved African Americans Resist@@
- AA struck back at the system that denied both their freedom and wages
- Many AA tried to escape to the north
- Very few made it to freedom
- Journey was very long and dangerous
- Gabriel Prosser
- An enslaved AA
- Organized an uprising in Richmond, Virginia but it failed
- Denmark Vesey
- A free AA
- Planned a revolt in 1822
- He was betrayed before the revolt began
- The Stono Rebellion
- A rebellion that took place in South Carolina in 1739
- Resulted in the deaths of some 30 enslaved AA rebels and a similar number of white colonists
- Nat Turner
- Led a uprising in 1831
- Was a slave worker on a plantation in Southampton Country, Virginia
- He believed his mission was to get revenge on plantation owners
- His actions increased southern fears of uprisings for AA
- Uprisings against slavery were very rare
- White southerners kept a careful track of AA and were well armed
- An uprising of AA had almost no chance of success