FIRE AND ARSON

Combustion- rapid oxidation or burning of a substance with simultaneous evolution of heat and, usually, light.

Charring/ Scorching/ Burning/ SingeingThese are the effects of flame or hot gases produced in the combustion of propellants. The charring is caused when the shot is fired from a very close range. The size, shape and extent are characteristic of the firearm and range.

- For the combustion to occur, the surface of the material should release vapor to be combined with the surrounding oxygen.

Spontaneous combustion - a process whereby a material self-heats, eventually exceeding its Auto-Ignition Temperature.

R.A 9514- Revised Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008.

R.A 6975- Created the TRI- BUREAU (PNP, BFP, BJMP) →Under the DILG

R.A 9263- Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Professionalization Act of 2004

R.A 9592 - AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD FOR COMPLYING

WITH THE MINIMUM EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION AND APPROPRIATE ELIGIBILITY IN THE BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION (BFP) ANDTHE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY (BJMP),

AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE CERTAIN PROVISION OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9263, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION AND BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND

PENOLOGY PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT OF 2004" AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Chief of the FIRE BUREAU- Head of the BFP with the rank of DIRECTOR (1st in command)

- First in command in the BFP.

-Has the direct supervision and control of BFP.

- Conducts a fire safety inspection or his duly authorized representative.

-With 4 years maximum tenure of office.

-Has the appointing authority for Fire Inspector to Fire Superintendent.

Deputy Chief for Administration- 2nd in command with the rank of Chief Superintendent.

Deputy Chief for Operation -3rd in command with the rank of Chief Superintendent.

Chief of Directorial Staff - 4th in command with the rank of Senior Superintendent.

For every provincial capital, city and municipality, there should be one (1) Fire Station to be established.

Appointment of Uniformed Personnel to the BFP and the BJMP

Fire/Jail Officer I to Senior Fire/Jail Officer IV- Regional Director (Regional Office

-Chief of BFP/BJMP (National Head Quarters)

Attested by Civil Service Commission

Fire/Jail Inspector to Fire/Jail Superintendent- Chief of BFP/BJMP

-As recommended by their immediate superiors

-Attested by Civil Service Commission

Fire/Jail Senior Superintendent- Secretary of the DILG

-As recommended by Chief of BFP/BJMP

- Attested by Civil Service Commission

Fire/ Jail Chief Superintendent. To Fire/Jail Director.- President upon recommendation of the Secretary Of DILG.

-endorsement by the Chairman of CSC.

Municipal Fire Marshal- Senior inspector

City Fire Marshal- Chief of senior inspector

District Fire Marshal, Provincial Fire Marshal, Assistant Regional Director for Administration, Assistant

Regional Director forOperations and Regional Chief of Directorial Staff – Superintendent

District Fire Marshal for the National Capital Region, Regional Director for Fire Protection and Director of the Directorate of the National Headquarters Office- Senior superintendent

Fire Brigade Chief- Responsible for the development of fire prevention programs and plans of action for the company or organization.

Fire Safety Inspector - Responsible to conduct an inspection of every building or structure within his area of

responsibility at least once a year and every time the owner shall renew his/her business permit or permit to operate.

Fire brigade- An established organization that deals with fire and other related emergencies.

- consist of the Fire Brigade Chief, which shall be designated by the head of the company and shall be assisted by selected personnel.

Fire Tetrahedron: 4 sided solid geometric form where it represents heat, fuel, oxygen

Free radical mechanism in combustion: Termination, initiation, and propagation

Basic Elements of FIRE: Heat, Fuel. Oxygen

First three elements of fire: Fire Triangle

Fire: It is a chemical reaction in which energy in the form of heat is produced (DIFFUSION FLAME PROCESS)

Flame: Produced during the ignition point in the combustion reaction

Vaporation: For liquids to burn

Pyrolysis: When solids are heated, it causes the material to decay and produce fire gases.

Gas: Fire occurs only in the gas phase.

Wind: Has the greatest effect on the spread rate of a surface fire

Slow: Spontaneous combustion can be rapid and slow

Free-burning stage: Stage in fire growth where a fire increases in size from small flames to full fire that involves the entire room. Where a possible backdraft can happen

Decay stage: Fire growth where a visible flames have started to diminish and the fire continues to smolder.

Backdraft: Smoke explosion

Free burning: Fully developed stage of fire growth

Flashover: Sudden involvement of a room or area in flames from floor to ceiling caused by thermal radiation feedback. When this mixture ignites, flashes of flame can be seen in this layer of smoke.

Flashpoint: Produces violent shock waves which can shatter windows, blow down firefightere and collapse walls.

Combustion: Oxidative decomposition in which oxygen oxidizes a fuel.

Exothermic: Reactants are converted to principally gaseous products,

Free radicals: The hearts of combustion reaction mechanisms.

Energy: Ability to do work and can be categorized by the type of work done

Kinetics: The study of the speed of reactions and their mechanisms.

Natural fires: Fires that quickly become ventilation

Bouyant Flame: Heated air is less dense than cooler air

Mass transfer: Mass via fast-moving molecules

Rate of spread: Measured from any point on the fire perimeter

Brisk walk on level ground: 250ft/min

Open car thermostat: 400 Btu?ft2