micro M1 p1

Course Overview

• Name of the Course: Microcontroller Applications

• Course Code: ECE 3014

• Semester: VI

• Course Instructor: Dr. Anilloy Frank

Course Outcomes (CO)

CO 1

• Topic: Architecture and working principles of 8051 microcontrollers.

• Bloom's Level: Comprehension

CO 2

• Topic: Develop assembly language programming problems using coding and debugging skills.

• Bloom's Level: Application

CO 3

• Topic: Apply timer-programming instructions to generate timing signals for synchronization in serial communication.

• Bloom's Level: Application

CO 4

• Topic: Interpret ALP/C program to perform arithmetic and logical operations in an ALU unit.

• Bloom's Level: Application

CO 5

• Topic: Demonstrate basic operations and analyze interfacing 8051 with external hardware.

• Bloom's Level: Application

CO 6

• Topic: Understand the differences between Microcontrollers and ARM controllers.

• Bloom's Level: Comprehension

Textbooks

• T1: "The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems – using assembly and C" by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillespie Mazidi and Rollin D. McKinlay; PHI, 2006 / Pearson, 2006.

• T2: "Introduction to ARM Cortex Microcontroller" by Jonathan W Valvano, Createspace Independent Publishing Platform; 2nd ed. Edition.

Reference Books

• R1: "The 8051 Microcontroller Based Embedded Systems" by Manish K. Patel, McGraw Hill, 2014, ISBN: 978-93-329-0125-4.

• R2: "Microcontrollers: Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and System Design" by Raj Kamal, Pearson Education, 2005.

• R3: "The 8051 Microcontroller" by Kenneth J. Ayala, 3rd Edition, Thomson/Cengage Learning.

Module 1: Fundamentals of Microcontroller 8051

Key Concepts:

• Difference: Microprocessor vs Microcontroller.

  • Microprocessors are the core of computer systems.

  • Microcontrollers are for embedded systems, enabling specific task performance.

• Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller:

  • Overview of registers, pin diagram, I/O port functions, and internal memory organization.

  • Interfacing of external memory (ROM & RAM).

What is a Microcontroller?

• A compact, low-cost microcomputer designed for embedded systems. Examples include microwave displays and remote signal receivers.

Architectural Overview of Microcontroller

• Components:

  • Oscillator: 0-40MHz

  • A/D Converter

  • RAM and Program Memory

  • Serial communication interfaces (USART, SPI)

  • Timers and interrupts

Comparison: Microprocessor vs Microcontroller

Microprocessor

• Heart of a computer

• Requires external memory and I/O components

• Larger in terms of circuit design and cost

• High power consumption

• Limited registers, memory-dependent operations

• Comprises the Von Neumann model

Microcontroller

• Heart of embedded systems, combines CPU with RAM, ROM, and I/O in one chip

• Compact design, utilizes less power

• More registers, allowing easier programming

• Based on Harvard architecture.

Architectural Features of the 8051 Microcontroller

• **On-chip Features:

  • 4KB On-chip Program Memory (ROM)

  • 128 Bytes On-chip Data Memory (RAM)

  • 32 General Purpose Registers

  • 16-bit Program Counter, Data Pointer

  • 8-bit Bidirectional Data Bus

  • Timer and Interrupt Systems

Pin Description of the 8051

• Ports:

  • Port 0: Multiplexed address and data

  • Port 1, 2, 3: General purpose I/O

Special Function Registers (SFRs)

• A register set that includes PSW, TCON, IE, IP, TMOD and more.

Internal Memory Organization

• Internal RAM Structure:

  • 128 Bytes divided into Register banks, Bit-addressable areas, and Scratchpad memory.

External Memory Interfacing

• Components: External access pins (P0, PSEN, ALE) for interfacing RAM and ROM.

• Memory Types: Notable distinctions between RAM types for embedded applications.

Assembler Directives

• Definitions: Details on ORG, EQU, DB, and END directives specific to assembly programming.

Summary

• The 8051 microcontroller is integral for embedded systems, providing a comprehensive set of features suitable for various applications. Its architectural design promotes efficient interaction with both memory and I/O operations.