Mental health week 2

Quote: "Critical thinking maximizes human potential while compensating for human nature."
- Importance of critical thinking in nursing to address barriers in patient care.
- Awareness of patients' personal situations that may affect care.

Emphasis on application over rote memorization.
Example of Maslow's Hierarchy used to prioritize nursing interventions.
- Understanding of needing to differentiate between the best and better answers on tests.
- Safety is the first priority in patient care.
- Basic needs, such as food, water, and shelter, must be addressed before psychological needs such as love and belonging.

Key Terms:
- Beneficence: Duty to do good; act in the best interest of patients.
- Autonomy: Patient's right to make informed decisions regarding their care.
- Capacity vs. Competence:
  - Capacity: Ability to understand and make decisions about medical treatment, assessed medically.
  - Competence: Legal standard determining a person's ability to stand trial or make decisions.
- Justice: Fairness in care and treatment.
- Fidelity: Faithfulness to commitments and promises in patient care.
- Veracity: Commitment to truthfulness in interactions with patients.
- Non-maleficence: Obligation to avoid causing harm to patients.

M'Naghten Rule: Determining the cognitive standard for competence in legal contexts.
Wyatt v. Stickney: Legal right to receive adequate treatment in mental health settings.
Rogers v. Orkin: Legal right to refuse treatment.
Tarasoff v. Regents of California: Duty to warn when a patient poses a danger to others, breaking patient confidentiality if necessary.

Torts: Civil laws concerning personal injury or harm.
- Negligence: Unintentional failure to provide care as expected, must meet four criteria:
  1. Duty of care.
  2. Breach of duty.
  3. Proximate cause resulting in harm.
  4. Damages incurred.
Malpractice: Term for professional negligence in healthcare settings.
Intentional Torts: Actions taken to intentionally harm or violate a patient’s rights.

Erikson's Stages of Development: Framework for understanding growth and behavior from infancy to maturity.
- Important to assess patient’s developmental stage to provide appropriate care.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Understanding thoughts and how they affect feelings and behaviors. Techniques include:
- Cognitive reframing
- Positive self-talk
- Journaling
Group Therapy: Importance of group dynamics in therapeutic settings, recognizing different types of patients, behaviors, and roles.
- Goals: Installation of hope, universality, altruism, and catharsis among members.

Techniques to handle various patient scenarios (anxiety, aggression, depression, etc.):
- Keep interactions brief and focused for overwhelmed patients.
- Set clear limits for inappropriate behaviors.
- Validate feelings while encouraging constructive emotional expression.
- Ensure safety in all interactions.
De-escalation Techniques: Manage anger and agitation through calm communication and structure, avoiding power struggles.

Establishing a supportive, trauma-informed care setting.
Importance of maintaining professional boundaries and emotional control in stressful situations.
Encourage positive coping strategies and adaptations while supporting patients through their recovery process.