Reviewer For EC - Q2

Effective Communication

Verbal Communication

  • Exchange of information, thoughts, and feelings using words (spoken or written).
  • Direct Communication: Clear and straightforward; the speaker explicitly states the request.
  • Indirect Communication: Hints at a request, requiring the listener to infer the needed action.
  • Politeness Markers: Words/phrases that make requests more respectful.
  • Euphemisms: Mild words replacing harsh ones.

Nonverbal Communication

  • Sending and receiving messages without words.
  • Visual Cues:
    • Facial Expressions: Universal emotional signals.
    • Body Language: Includes gestures, posture, and physical movements (gesture: hands, posture: body position).
    • Eye Contact: Indicates interest/confidence.
    • Personal Space (Proxemics): Impact of space on interaction and emotion.
  • Contextual Communication:
    • Low-Context Cultures: Direct and explicit communication.
    • High-Context Cultures: Indirect communication relying on nonverbal cues and shared context.

Communication Engagement (Albert Mehrabian)

  • Non-verbal: 55%
  • Tone of Voice: 38%
  • Words: 7%

Assumptions and Perspectives

  • Assumption: Unquestioned beliefs that shape messages.
  • Perspective: Lenses through which people interpret events, shaped by culture and experiences.
  • Attitude: Feelings towards subjects or groups (positive, negative, neutral).

Cultural Awareness

  • Recognizing and respecting diverse communication styles.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Adapting words and actions to avoid offense.
  • Ethnocentrism: Believing one's culture is superior.

Message Types

  • Main Message: Central argument or purpose in communication.
  • Implied Message: Understood through hints or context rather than directly stated.
  • Bias Message: Favors one perspective, lacking balance or fairness.